Tatyana Kushner, MD, is an associate professor of medicine in the division of gastroenterology and hepatology at Weill Cornell Medicine.

Brelovitug AZURE-1 Trial Results in Hepatits D Explained, With Tatyana Kushner, MD

Chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection remains one of the most severe and underrecognized forms of viral hepatitis, often accelerating progression to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite its clinical impact, HDV continues to be overlooked in routine practice. For patients already living with hepatitis B virus (HBV), coinfection with HDV can dramatically worsen outcomes, yet gaps in awareness, diagnosis, and treatment persist across the care continuum.

, Tatyana Kushner, MD, discussed these challenges alongside new data from the phase 2b portion of the AZURE-1 study evaluating brelovitug, an investigational therapy for chronic HDV infection. While HDV is estimated to affect approximately 2–5% of individuals with HBV globally, she noted prevalence can be significantly higher in certain regions, highlighting important geographic variability.

Brelovitug is an investigational monoclonal antibody targeting HBsAg, designed to neutralize both HBV and HDV

Phase 2b AZURE-1 met its primary endpoint at Week 24, combining virologic response (HDV RNA reduction) and ALT normalization

Virologic response reached 100% with weekly dosing and 75% with monthly dosing, with 0% in the delayed-treatment arm

Treatment was generally well tolerated, with no reported discontinuations and low rates of serious adverse events

Still, even in high-resource settings, screening rates remain strikingly low, with Kushner pointing to data from New York City showing that < 10% of patients with HBV had ever been tested for HDV, underscoring substantial gaps in case identification.

Several factors contribute to these shortcomings. Differences in clinical guideline recommendations ranging from universal screening endorsements by organizations such as the European Association for the Study of the Liver and the World Health Organization to risk-based strategies from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases have created variability in clinical practice. Limited provider awareness further complicates diagnosis, sometimes resulting in missed or incorrect testing. As a result, many patients are only identified once they have progressed to advanced liver disease, making management more difficult.

Treatment limitations have historically compounded these challenges, with no therapies currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration specifically for HDV.

“In the US, there's currently no FDA approved treatment for delta hepatitis, so providers may think ‘Why would we test for this condition if we don't have any currently FDA approved treatments?’,” Kushner said.

The only recommended option, pegylated interferon, has modest efficacy and is frequently associated with significant tolerability issues, leading many patients to decline or discontinue therapy.

Against this backdrop, emerging data for brelovitug signal a potential shift in the HDV treatment landscape. According to results from the phase 2b AZURE-1 study, the therapy met its primary endpoint, demonstrating meaningful antiviral activity in patients with chronic HDV infection. 

Specifically, results showed 100% of patients in the 300 mg once weekly arm and 75% of patients in the 900 mg once every 4 weeks arm achieved virologic response (≥2 log10 reduction in HDV RNA from baseline or undetectable HDV RNA [<LLOQ, TND]), as compared to 0% in the delayed treatment arm. Additionally, the primary composite endpoint of virologic response and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization was achieved in 45% and 35% of patients in the 300 mg QW and 900 mg Q4W arms, respectively, as compared to 0% of patients in the delayed treatment arm.

Kushner emphasized that these findings are particularly encouraging given the unmet need for effective and tolerable options.

Beyond efficacy, early data suggest brelovitug may offer advantages in tolerability compared with interferon-based approaches, which have long been limited by systemic side effects. Additionally, its dosing profile, potentially allowing for weekly or even monthly administration, could represent a meaningful improvement in convenience and adherence compared with more burdensome regimens.

While additional data and regulatory review are still needed, the AZURE-1 findings highlight growing momentum in HDV research. As awareness and screening efforts evolve in parallel with therapeutic innovation, clinicians may be better equipped to identify and manage this historically underrecognized disease.

Editors’ Note: Kushner reports relevant disclosures with Gilead, Abbvie, GSK, Ipsen, Mirum, and Madrigal.

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hepatitis D Basics. April 24, 2024. Accessed April 28, 2026. 

https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-d/about/index.html

Ghany MG, Pan CQ, Lok AS, et al. AASLD ISDA Practice Guideline on treatment of chronic hepatitis B. 

. Published online November 4, 2025. doi:10.1097/HEP.0000000000001549

Mirum Pharmaceuticals. Mirum Pharmaceuticals Announces Primary Endpoint Met in Phase 2b Portion of the AZURE-1 Study of Brelovitug in Chronic Hepatitis Delta Virus. April 27, 2026. Accessed April 28, 2026. 

https://ir.mirumpharma.com/news/news-details/2026/Mirum-Pharmaceuticals-Announces-Primary-Endpoint-Met-in-Phase-2b-Portion-of-the-AZURE-1-Study-of-Brelovitug-in-Chronic-Hepatitis-Delta-Virus/default.aspx

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Brelovitug met the primary endpoint for virologic response and ALT normalization in the phase 2b portion of the AZURE-1 trial.

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New Phase 2b AZURE-1 Data Signal Progress in Chronic Hepatitis D Treatment, With Tatyana Kushner, MD

This episode focuses on how GHD presents clinically in pediatric patients across different age groups and the quality-of-life implications of missed or delayed treatment. Dr. Alter explains that in newborns and infants, GHD often manifests as hypoglycemia — since both growth hormone and cortisol maintain blood glucose — and, in male infants, microphallus. Beyond the first few years, GHD typically presents later, most commonly between ages 10 and 13, and the severity of presentation tends to correlate with age of onset. Younger patients are more likely to have organic or structural causes. The panel discusses the challenge of distinguishing true GHD from physiologic pre-pubertal growth deceleration. Dr. Yang notes that in the U.S., there is a tendency to treat borderline cases, whereas European colleagues may take a watch-and-wait approach. Data suggests that roughly half of these pre-pubertal patients may self-correct once puberty begins and retest as normal. When GHD is genuine and left untreated, consequences extend beyond height. Dr. Alter describes improvements in muscle mass, fat distribution, bone health, and cardiovascular markers following GH therapy. Patients — especially those with severe GHD — typically show excitement and marked improvement with treatment. The panel also tackles the nuanced case of a short child with a normal height velocity but a much taller mid-parental target height. Dr. Alter notes that growth genetics are complex (over 180 genes involved) and a comprehensive workup including extended family history is warranted. Treatment decisions must also factor in family preferences, as some families decline GH therapy even when medically indicated. The episode closes with discussion of broader GH indications beyond GHD, including idiopathic short stature (ISS) and other genetic syndromes qualifying for GH therapy. In the next episode, “Diagnosing Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children — Testing, Tools, and Decision-Making,” the panel outlines the step-by-step diagnostic approach to suspected pediatric GHD, including the role of IGF-1, stimulation testing, and imaging.

Recognizing Growth Hormone Deficiency — Symptoms, Presentation, and Quality of Life

This episode focuses on how GHD presents clinically in pediatric patients across different age groups and the quality-of-life implications of missed or delayed treatment.

Dr. Alter explains that in newborns and infants, GHD often manifests as hypoglycemia — since both growth hormone and cortisol maintain blood glucose — and, in male infants, microphallus. Beyond the first few years, GHD typically presents later, most commonly between ages 10 and 13, and the severity of presentation tends to correlate with age of onset. Younger patients are more likely to have organic or structural causes.

The panel discusses the challenge of distinguishing true GHD from physiologic pre-pubertal growth deceleration. Dr. Yang notes that in the U.S., there is a tendency to treat borderline cases, whereas European colleagues may take a watch-and-wait approach. Data suggests that roughly half of these pre-pubertal patients may self-correct once puberty begins and retest as normal.

When GHD is genuine and left untreated, consequences extend beyond height. Dr. Alter describes improvements in muscle mass, fat distribution, bone health, and cardiovascular markers following GH therapy. Patients — especially those with severe GHD — typically show excitement and marked improvement with treatment.

The panel also tackles the nuanced case of a short child with a normal height velocity but a much taller mid-parental target height. Dr. Alter notes that growth genetics are complex (over 180 genes involved) and a comprehensive workup including extended family history is warranted. Treatment decisions must also factor in family preferences, as some families decline GH therapy even when medically indicated.

The episode closes with discussion of broader GH indications beyond GHD, including idiopathic short stature (ISS) and other genetic syndromes qualifying for GH therapy.

Diagnosing Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children — Testing, Tools, and Decision-Making

,” the panel outlines the step-by-step diagnostic approach to suspected pediatric GHD, including the role of IGF-1, stimulation testing, and imaging.

Endocrinology experts compare pediatric and adult growth hormone deficiency—causes, testing, MRI use, and transition care tips to improve outcomes.

Welcome back to another HCP Live Peer Exchange series. In this episode titled “Unraveling Growth Hormone Deficiency — Etiology and Prevalence,” moderator Dr. Joshua Yang discusses growth hormone deficiency with Dr. Craig Alter, Dr. Jose Garcia, and Dr. Nidhi Agrawal. In this opening episode, the panel introduces the HCP Live Peer Exchange series focused on Managing Growth Hormone Deficiency Across the Continuum of Care. Dr. Joshua Yang sets the stage by outlining the program’s scope, which encompasses diagnosis, treatment decision-making, transition of care, and real-world clinical challenges across both pediatric and adult populations. Dr. Yang begins by discussing the prevalence of GHD in children. Worldwide, GHD affects approximately 1 in 4,000 to 1 in 10,000 children, though in the U.S. the rate is closer to 1 in 3,000 — likely because American clinicians tend to treat milder and moderate cases, and use a higher GH peak cutoff of 10 ng/mL versus the European standard of 7 ng/mL. Dr. Garcia adds that adult GHD is estimated at 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 100,000 individuals, though emerging data suggests higher prevalence — with up to 10–15% of patients with prior head trauma also harboring GHD. The panel then explores etiologies. In children, causes are often congenital (midline defects, pituitary genetic mutations) or idiopathic. Dr. Alter stresses that the primary clinical priority is always accurate diagnosis before treatment — illustrated by a case of a craniopharyngioma initially presenting only as delayed puberty. For adults, structural causes dominate: pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, radiation, surgery, stroke, or trauma. The episode closes with a discussion of idiopathic pediatric GHD patients — often mild or moderate cases — and the question of whether they carry GHD into adulthood. The consensus is that retesting is essential, and that IGF-1 alone is not reliable enough to confirm or exclude adult GHD. In the next episode, “Recognizing Growth Hormone Deficiency — Symptoms, Presentation, and Quality of Life,” the panel explores how GHD presents at different ages in children and the long-term consequences of undiagnosed or undertreated GHD.

Unraveling Growth Hormone Deficiency — Etiology and Prevalence

Welcome back to another HCP Live Peer Exchange series. In this episode titled “Unraveling Growth Hormone Deficiency — Etiology and Prevalence,” moderator Dr. Joshua Yang discusses growth hormone deficiency with Dr. Craig Alter, Dr. Jose Garcia, and Dr. Nidhi Agrawal.

In this opening episode, the panel introduces the HCP Live Peer Exchange series focused on Managing Growth Hormone Deficiency Across the Continuum of Care. Dr. Joshua Yang sets the stage by outlining the program’s scope, which encompasses diagnosis, treatment decision-making, transition of care, and real-world clinical challenges across both pediatric and adult populations.

Dr. Yang begins by discussing the prevalence of GHD in children. Worldwide, GHD affects approximately 1 in 4,000 to 1 in 10,000 children, though in the U.S. the rate is closer to 1 in 3,000 — likely because American clinicians tend to treat milder and moderate cases, and use a higher GH peak cutoff of 10 ng/mL versus the European standard of 7 ng/mL.

Dr. Garcia adds that adult GHD is estimated at 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 100,000 individuals, though emerging data suggests higher prevalence — with up to 10–15% of patients with prior head trauma also harboring GHD.

The panel then explores etiologies. In children, causes are often congenital (midline defects, pituitary genetic mutations) or idiopathic. Dr. Alter stresses that the primary clinical priority is always accurate diagnosis before treatment — illustrated by a case of a craniopharyngioma initially presenting only as delayed puberty. For adults, structural causes dominate: pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, radiation, surgery, stroke, or trauma.

The episode closes with a discussion of idiopathic pediatric GHD patients — often mild or moderate cases — and the question of whether they carry GHD into adulthood. The consensus is that retesting is essential, and that IGF-1 alone is not reliable enough to confirm or exclude adult GHD.

,” the panel explores how GHD presents at different ages in children and the long-term consequences of undiagnosed or undertreated GHD.

Experts compare pediatric vs adult growth hormone deficiency—causes, testing, MRI use, and why retesting matters during transition to adult care.

Baba Inusa, MBBS, is a Consultant Paediatrician in the School of Life Course & Population Sciences at King's College London.

Increased Sickle Cell Pain Burden in Sub-Saharan Africa Despite Younger Patients

A multinational SWAY survey is shedding light on disparities and commonalities in symptoms, complications, and quality of life among patients with 

 across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and high-income countries (HICs).

The findings suggest that individuals in SSA experience a higher frequency of severe vaso-occlusive crises despite being younger and having more limited access to pain management and supportive therapies, underscoring persistent global gaps in care.

Sickle cell disease disproportionately affects sub-Saharan Africa, where approximately 80% of global cases occur and mortality among children under age 5 ranges from 50% to 80%.

The SWAY data analysis was a multicountry survey conducted between April and October 2019, developed by international SCD experts, patient advocacy groups, and Novartis. The study included 2,145 patients aged 12 years and older across three regions: SSA (n = 519), LMICs (n = 422), and HICs (n = 1,204).

Patients in SSA were younger overall, with a median age of 15 years, compared with 19 years in LMICs and 29 years in HICs.

Speaking to the rationale for the analysis, investigator Baba Inusa, MBBS, Consultant Paediatrician in the School of Life Course & Population Sciences at King’s College London, emphasized the importance of understanding how health system differences shape patient outcomes and care experiences across regions in an interview with 

“We thought it was important that we understand why we are observing those differences, and how those differences can be addressed by different countries, because different countries have different healthcare systems and different approaches in terms of funding and family structures,” said Inusa.

Symptom burden and clinical complications

Across all regions, patients reported broadly similar symptom patterns and complications, suggesting a shared clinical phenotype of sickle cell disease globally. The most commonly reported symptoms included fatigue (34%–77%), headache (39%–58%), and bone aches (32%–58%).

Complications were also consistently reported across settings, including fever (60%–75%), infections (37%–66%), and joint-related issues (29%–65%), reinforcing the multisystem nature of the disease regardless of geographic region.

Vaso-occlusive crises and acute disease burden

Despite similar overall symptom patterns, notable differences emerged in acute disease burden. The proportion of patients experiencing more than five vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs) in the prior year was highest in SSA at 30%, compared with 22% in LMICs and 27% in HICs.

Importantly, this higher burden of recurrent VOCs occurred in a younger SSA population, highlighting a disproportionate severity of acute disease despite earlier age distribution in the cohort.

Treatment access and care-seeking behavior

Marked disparities were also observed in treatment utilization and care-seeking patterns across regions. Opioid use was substantially lower in SSA at 26%, compared with 73% in HICs. Use of over-the-counter analgesics followed a similar trend, reported in 30% of SSA patients versus 63% in LMICs and 64% in HICs.

Care delivery patterns further reflected structural differences in health systems and access to services.

“In Africa, the majority of patients tended to undergo treatment at home. If they had pain or other episodes, they treated it at home, whereas patients in Europe and the US tend to go to the hospital and often have periods of admission,” said Inusa.

Overall, the SWAY analysis highlights both shared and divergent experiences of sickle cell disease across global regions. While symptom profiles and complications were broadly consistent, significant disparities emerged in vaso-occlusive crisis frequency, treatment access, and care-seeking behavior.

Findings underscore that patients in sub-Saharan Africa experience a higher burden of acute vaso-occlusive events despite being younger, alongside substantially more limited access to pain management and supportive therapies—reinforcing persistent inequities in sickle cell disease care worldwide.

Editor’s Note: Inusa reports relevant disclosures with Novo Nordisk A/S.

Inusa B, Andemariam B, Minniti C, et al. Sickle Cell Disease Burden in Sub-Saharan Africa Compared to Other Regions: Results from the SWAY Survey. 

. Published online April 2026:100092. doi:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bglo.2026.100092

Adigwe OP, Onoja SO, Onavbavba G. A Critical Review of Sickle Cell Disease Burden and Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa. 

Study investigator Inusa explains the gap in sickle cell disease findings from SWAP, a multinational survey. 

Hematology

Sickle Cell

Sickle Cell condition center page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into sickle cell disease can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on sickle cell research, treatment, and drug development.

Diana Isaacs, PharmD, is an endocrine clinical pharmacist, director of Education and Training in Diabetes Technology, and codirector of Endocrine Disorders in Pregnancy at the Cleveland Clinic.

Implementing Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes, With Diana Isaacs, PharmD

Despite relatively limited uptake, recent research has shown the efficacy of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in patients with 

Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) Annual Meeting 2026

 in Las Vegas, Nevada, Diana Isaacs, PharmD, director of education and training in diabetes technology at Cleveland Clinic, presented a statement on the benefits of implementing AID devices in T2D care – and the importance of knowing the full breadth of options available for a given patient.

“With T2D, we have 3 algorithms that have been approved; however, we actually have 5 algorithms total, and we have 6 different insulin pumps that can be options,” Isaacs told 

 in an exclusive interview. “There are definitely a lot of choices, and I believe that we as healthcare professionals shouldn’t necessarily choose for the person. But it is up to us to know what’s out there, so we can present the different options.”

Clinical guidelines have lately begun including AID devices among treatment recommendations for patients; recently, the American Diabetes Association released the 2026 Standards of Care in Diabetes, which included a series of revisions to the prior document. Among these was a statement that AID systems are the preferred delivery system for both adult and child patients with T2D on multiple daily injections or sensor-augmented pump therapy. Additionally, the new guidelines recommend the consideration of AID systems in patients with T2D on basal insulin who fail to meet individualized glycemic goals.

Additionally, in a recent 13-week multicenter trial, investigators determined that adults with T2D treated with AID saw a greater reduction in glycated hemoglobin levels than via continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) alone. The study enrolled 319 patients, randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either AID or to continue their pretrial insulin delivery method. Both groups received CGM throughout the trial.

Ultimately, glycated hemoglobin dropped by 0.9 percentage points (from 8.2+/-1.4% at baseline to 7.3+/-0.9% at week 13) in the AID group and by 0.3 percentage points (from 8.1+/-1.2% to 7.7+/-1.1%) in the control group (mean adjusted difference, -0.6 percentage points; 95% CI, -0.8 to -0.4; 

 <.001). The mean time in range for patients also increased in the AID group and control group, respectively. All other multiplicity-controlled outcomes measured substantially better in the AID group as well. The trial ultimately displayed the efficacy of AID devices in T2D, underscoring the revised treatment guidelines.

Isaacs also discussed the interplay between AID pumps and more prominent T2D treatments, such as GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors. Given their substantial and well-established efficacy, Isaacs notes that these medications are in no way being superseded by insulin – rather, clinicians should manage these treatments in tandem.

“In T2D, we want to optimize GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors,” Isaacs said. “When you look at the guidelines, GLP-1 drugs should be offered and used before insulin is even started. These drugs are essential, and we’re not suggesting that pumps would ever replace them. The beautiful thing about these pumps is that they’re constantly adjusting insulin, so they’re very good at being able to back off the insulin as needed as these drugs are added.”

Editors’ Note: Isaacs reports disclosures with Abbott, Sanofi, Insulet, Mannkind, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and others.

Aleppo G, Isaacs D. Insulin Pumps for Type 2 Diabetes. Presented at the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Annual Meeting 2026, Las Vegas, NV. April 22-24, 2026.

American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes*. Summary of Revisions: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(1 Suppl 1):S6-S12. 

Kudva YC, Raghinaru D, Lum JW, et al. A randomized trial of automated insulin delivery in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2025;392(18):1801-1812. 

Isaacs covers the range of AID devices currently available and approved for T2D, providing suggestions for implementation and continuous glycated hemoglobin monitoring.

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In this Q&A interview, Bhatia discusses the FDA's recent acceptance of BLA for imsidolimab for generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP).

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Q&A: Discussing Imsidolimab for Generalized Pustular Psoriasis, With Neal Bhatia, MD

Andrea Cipriani, MD, PhD, from the University of Oxford.

Study showed the PETRUSHKA decision-support tool reduced antidepressant discontinuation, supporting personalized treatment approaches.

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PETRUSHKA Tool Improves Antidepressant Persistence in MDD, With Andrea Cipriani, MD, PhD

Victoria Johnson joined MJH Life Sciences in 2020 and has written for NeurologyLive, CGTLive, and is now an assistant managing editor for HCPLive and RheumatologyLive. She doesn’t have enough time for her numerous hobbies. You can reach her at vjohnson@mjhlifesciences.com.

The FDA has approved budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate as the first single-inhaler triple therapy for asthma.

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FDA Approves BGF Triple Therapy for Asthma in Patients 12 and Older

Tim Smith joined the MJH Life Sciences team in 2022 and is currently an associate editor for HCPLive. He is also the executive producer of two podcasts: Skin of Color Savvy and The Medical Sisterhood. Previously, he was the producer of the Lungcast podcast. He graduated from UC Berkeley and worked in multimedia journalism as a staff writer prior to joining MJH. You can contact him at tsmith@mjhlifesciences.com.

AbbVie submitted an sNDA to the FDA seeking approval of upadacitinib for severe alopecia areata in adults and adolescents.

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Upadacitinib sNDA Submitted to FDA for Severe Alopecia Areata

Yao Wei Lu, PhD, assistant professor of medicine and member of the Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research at the Keck School of Medicine of USC

yao wei lu.jpeg

Lu explains findings that link PCBP1 to the pathogenesis of AARS2-related cardiomyopathy. 

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New Target Emerges for AARS2-Related Cardiomyopathy With Early-Life Mortality

Ryan Livingston joined the MJH Life Sciences team in March of 2025, shortly after graduating from TCNJ with a bachelor’s degree in English. He enjoys creative writing, reading, and scuba diving. He can be reached at rlivingston@mjhlifesciences.com.

The FDA granted Fast Track Designation to coramitug, an investigational anti-TTR antibody designed to clear existing amyloid deposits in ATTR cardiomyopathy.

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FDA Grants Fast Track to Coramitug for ATTR-CM, Supporting Amyloid-Clearing Phase 3 Trial

Abigail Brooks is an assistant managing editor for 

She joined MJH Life Sciences in August 2023 shortly after graduating from Monmouth University where she earned her BA in Communication with a concentration in Public Relations/Journalism and later an MA in Interactive Digital Media. She enjoys traveling, running, and reading books. She can be reached at abrooks@mjhlifesciences.com.

The FDA has accepted bepirovirsen's NDA for Priority Review and granted Breakthrough Therapy designation, with a PDUFA date of October 26, 2026.

FDA Grants Bepirovirsen Breakthrough Therapy Designation, Priority Review for Chronic Hepatitis B

The phase 3 trials enrolled frequent exacerbators regardless of eosinophil count or smoking status.

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OBERON and TITANIA Showcase Tozorakimab's Emerging Benefit for COPD, With Frank Sciurba, MD

Aleena Banerji, MD, professor at Harvard Medical School and director of clinical care at the Center for Drug and Vaccine Allergy at Massachusetts General Hospital.

Phase 3 HAELO data show an 87% reduction in hereditary angioedema attack rates with a one-time CRISPR therapy. Banerji discusses efficacy, safety, and durability.

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Single-Dose Lonvo-z Cuts HAE Attacks by 87% in Phase 3 Trial, With Aleena Banerji, MD

Stay updated with the latest healthcare breakthroughs, including FDA actions and new topline clinical trial data, in this week’s essential news roundup.

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New Phase 2b AZURE-1 Data Signal Progress in Chronic Hepatitis D Treatment, With Tatyana Kushner, MD

Recognizing Growth Hormone Deficiency — Symptoms, Presentation, and Quality of Life

Unraveling Growth Hormone Deficiency — Etiology and Prevalence

Increased Sickle Cell Pain Burden in Sub-Saharan Africa Despite Younger Patients

Implementing Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes, With Diana Isaacs, PharmD