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Patrick Campbell is the managing editor of HCPLive. Formerly the editorial lead of Endocrinology Network, Practical Cardiology, and Rheumatology Network, Patrick has spent years spearheading coverage surrounding cardiometabolic health and rheumatic disease for MJH Life Sciences. He now helps to lead coverage in each of these respective areas for HCPLive. Before joining MJH Life Sciences in 2019, he spent time as a beat reporter with the Pocono Record in Stroudsburg, PA, and Star News Group in Manasquan, NJ. He also touts experience in multimedia, having spent time as a multimedia specialist with NJ Advance Media and multimedia coordinator at the Pocono Record. Follow him on Twitter @RealPatCampbell or reach him via email at PCampbell@mjhlifesciences.com.

Anjali Dixit, MD, MPH
Credit: Stanford Medicine

A new study is adding to the discussions around whether or not patients with 

 should discontinue use of GLP-1 receptor agonists before surgery.

Results of the study, which were published less than a year after the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) recommended preoperative withholding of GLP-1 receptor agonists, fly in the face of recommendations and indicate there was no increased risk of postoperative respiratory complications associated with use prior to surgery.

“Given increasing use of GLP-1 RAs, larger-scale evaluations of their perioperative risks are needed; however, a randomized trial of preoperative GLP-1 RA withholding may not be feasible,” wrote investigators.

 “Therefore, we used a claims database to evaluate the risk of postoperative respiratory complications among patients with diabetes and a prescription fill for GLP-1 RAs who underwent emergency surgery because these patients would be unlikely to withhold their medication in accordance with guidelines.”

On June 29, 2023, the ASA released guidance calling for patients to consider holding GLP-1 receptor agonists on the day of the procedure/surgery and for patients on weekly dosing to consider holding GLP-1 receptor agonists for a week prior. In a statement from the ASA announcing the publication of new guidance, the organization noted the recommendations came as the result of anecdotal reports purporting an association of delayed gastric emptying with use of GLP-1 receptor agonists and increased risk of regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration during general anesthesia and deep sedation.

With no end in sight for the growing demand of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapies, a team of 5 led by Anjali Dixit, MD, MPH, a pediatric anesthesiologist at Stanford Medicine, launched the current study to explore associations between postoperative respiratory complication Among patients with diabetes and a prescription fill for GLP-1 receptor agonist who underwent emergency surgery. Investigators pointed out their study was designed as an analysis of a claims database as a randomized trial may not be feasible. Investigators also pointed out patients undergoing emergency surgery were identified as the subjects of interest as these patients would be unlikely to withhold medication in accordance with the ASA guidelines.

Laparoscopic appendectomy
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Operative management of traumatic hip fracture
Colectomy for diverticulitis
Operative management of adhesive small bowel obstruction
Operative management of ovarian torsion
Operative management of testicular torsion
Operative management of ectopic pregnancy
Operative management of incarcerated or strangulated hernia
Laparoscopic or open repair of perforated peptic or duodenal ulcer
Transurethral intervention for nephrolithiasis
Upper endoscopy for foreign body removal
Upper endoscopy for management of bleeding peptic or duodenal ulcer

The Merative MarketScan Commercial Database was chosen as the data source for the analysis. Investigators performed a search of patients with type 2 diabetes and a GLP-1 RA prescription fill who had undergone any of 13 emergency surgeries between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021. For the purpose of analysis, the comparator group was composed of patients with diabetes and at least 1 fill for a non-GLP-1 receptor agonist antidiabetic agent.

The investigators' final sample included 23,679 patients. Among these, 14.8% (n=3502) had a GLP-1 receptor agonist fill. Compared to those without a GLP-1 receptor agonist fill, those with a fill were more likely to be male, use more antidiabetic agents, and have concomitant obesity. The most common type of surgery indicated, for both groups, was transurethral intervention.

The primary outcome of interest for the study was a composite of aspiration pneumonitis, postoperative respiratory failure, and/or admission to the intensive care unit through 7 postoperative days. Investigators noted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations, with the fully adjusted model adjusted for demographic characteristics, indicators of diabetic severity including the Diabetes Complications Severity Index, Elixhauser comorbidities, and fixed effects for year and surgery type.

Upon analysis, results indicated the overall incidence of postoperative complications was 3.5% among those with a GLP-1 receptor agonist fill and 4.0% in the non-GLP-1 receptor agonist group (Odds Ratio [OR], 0.85; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.70 to 1.04; P = .12). In adjusted analysis, results indicated there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications between these 2 groups (adjusted OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.29; P = .80). Investigators highlighted these findings were consistent with further adjustment in secondary analyses.

Investigators called attention to limitations within their study to consider when interpreting results. These limitations included being restricted to commercially insured patients, being unable to measure preoperative duration of GLP-1 receptor agonist use, lack of information on adherence, and not including GLP-1 receptor agonists fills for weight loss alone.

“Results of this study suggest that liberalizing the withholding guidelines for GLP-1 RAs preoperatively should be considered,” investigators concluded.

Dixit AA, Bateman BT, Hawn MT, Odden MC, Sun EC. Preoperative GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Risk of Postoperative Respiratory Complications. 

 Published online April 22, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.5003

Campbell P. Asa urges withholding GLP-1 RA therapy prior to elective procedures. HCP Live. July 14, 2023. Accessed April 25, 2024. https://www.hcplive.com/view/asa-urges-withholding-glp-1-therapy-prior-to-elective-procedures.

Articles

A retrospective challenges preoperative withholding of GLP-1 RAs in diabetes patients undergoing surgery, citing no increased risk of postoperative respiratory complications.

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GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Not Linked to Post-Op Respiratory Complications

Tim Smith joined the MJH Life Sciences team as an assistant editor for HCPLive in August 2022. He graduated from UC Berkeley with a degree in political science, working in multimedia journalism as a staff writer prior to joining MJH. In his spare time, he enjoys reading, watching TV, listening to podcasts, and rock climbing. You can contact him at 

Chun spoke on more recommendations for internal medicine physicians to give older adults related to aging, dementia, and statin use.

Audrey Chun, MD: Practical Recommendations to Give Older Patients for Exercise, Cognitive Health

American College of Physicians (ACP) Internal Medicine Meeting

 interview, Audrey Chun, MD, spoke with HCPLive on the major points discussed in her presentation ‘Multiple Small Feedings of the Mind: Addiction Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology.’

Chun serves as both a professor and as vice chair of outpatient clinical services at the division of 

 and Palliative Medicine in the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. After touching upon the topic of slowing patients’ aging through the use of exercise, Chun was asked about common questions asked of internists when discussing statin use for primary prevention in patients older than 80 years of age.

“I think especially as people get into their 80s and 90s, the question comes that ‘I've been on this medicine for 30 years but do I need it?’” Chun said. “We have some suggestions that if your life expectancy is limited, you're probably doing little harm in stopping the medication because you retain some of the benefits of the medicines for many years after stopping. But for others who may have many years ahead of them, for example if everyone in their family lives beyond 100 and they're 85 years old, they may be a person that you want to continue.”

Chun added that in a case such as this, a internal medicine physician might want to help such a patient prevent such issues as strokes or heart attacks.

“I think at one point, it was ‘everyone should be on it and be on it forever,’” she explained. “Now, we understand that there isn't necessarily a continued benefit.”

Chun also noted that there could be side effects that are really life-affecting such as muscle pain and weakness in older adults, perhaps making statins not worthwhile due to a lack of benefits counterbalancing the costs. Later, Chun touched on the topic of hearing loss and its surprising impacts on dementia.

“One of the things I think the internists may not be aware of is that when we look at the risk factors for developing dementia, about a third of them are potentially modifiable, meaning we could do something in our lifetime to lower our risk of developing dementia,” she said. “Some of them are pretty intuitive…About 9% of the modifiable risk related to dementia is actually related to hearing loss and that's something that people are not always aware of.”

To learn more about these subjects, view the full segment posted above. Check out more of 

The quotes used in this article were edited for the purposes of clarity. Chun has no relationships with entities whose primary business is selling, re-selling, producing, marketing, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients.

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Chun spoke in this interview segment about more recommendations for internal medicine physicians to give older adults related to aging, dementia, and statin use.

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Audrey Chun, MD: Recommendations on Statins, Connecting Dementia to Hearing Loss

Credit: Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research

Antihypertensive medication is associated with an increased fracture risk among 

“Nursing home residents present a unique clinical challenge, as they can often derive benefit from using antihypertensive medication to manage conditions such as heart failure that increase the risk of cardiovascular events while simultaneously being predisposed to experiencing adverse reactions, such as falls and fractures, owing to factors such as frailty,” wrote investigators, led by Chintan V. Dave, PharmD, PhD, from the center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Treatment Science at Rutgers University. “This study focused on clarifying 1 of the risks associated with antihypertensive use in this population.”

Falls encompass two-thirds of the unintentional injuries among older adults—and unintentional injuries are the 5th leading cause of mortality among this age group. Approximately 10% - 15% of falls lead to fractures, hospitalizations, or death.

A previous observational study evaluated the association between antihypertensive therapy initiation and fracture risk among older adults. However, the lack of information on blood pressure values constrained the research.

Since more evidence of the link was needed, investigators conducted a retrospective cohort study with a target trial emulation approach to see if starting antihypertensive medication was linked to an increased fracture risk among older adults. The sample included 29,648 long-term care nursing home residents in the Veterans Health Administration from January 1, 2006, to October 31, 2019, with a mean age of 78 years. Most participants were male (97.7%), and many were White (73.4%), followed by Black (17.2%), missing race (6.9%), and other race (2.4%).

Participants had to be ≥ 65 years old, have no signs of end-stage kidney disease in the last year, and have≥ 1 documented measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure within 2 weeks of the start of the trial. Patients had to maintain a stable antihypertensive treatment regimen for 4 consecutive weeks before the index date, indicating they could not change their dose in the preceding 4 weeks.

Dave and colleagues identified episodes of antihypertensive medication initiation and matched 1:4 of the episodes with controls who did not start the medication. The primary outcome was a nontraumatic fracture of the humerus, hip, pelvis, radius, or ulna within 30 days of antihypertensive medication initiation.

The team analyzed the data from December 1, 2021, to November 11, 2023. The team also analyzed fractures among several subgroups, including residents with dementia, across systolic and diastolic blood pressure thresholds of 140- and 80-mm Hg, respectively, and those who previously used anti-hypertensive therapies. Analyses were adjusted for ≥ 50 covariates.

The incidence rate of fractures per 100 person-years in residents starting hypertensive medication was 5.4 compared with 2.2 in controls (hazard ratio [HR], 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43 – 4.08). Investigators observed an adjusted excess risk per 100 person-years of 3.12 (95% CI, 0.95 – 6.78).

Furthermore, starting antihypertensive medication was linked to a greater risk of severe falls requiring hospitalizations or emergency department visits (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.53 – 2.13) and syncope (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.30 – 2.19). The fracture risk was greater among residents with dementia (HR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.76 – 6.10), systolic blood pressure of ≥ 140 mm Hg (HR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.71 – 5.69), diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 80 mm Hg (HR, 4.41; 95% CI, 1.67 – 11.68), and no recent antihypertensive medication use (HR, 4.77; 95% CI, 1.49 – 15.32).

Although the findings suggest patients with dementia on antihypertensive medications in patients with dementia have an increased fracture risk, the association did not reach statistical significance and thus could have happened by chance.

A greater risk of falls and fractures among people with dementia could be because of impaired cognition, gait abnormalities, and use of other medications that are linked to fall risk such as benzodiazepines.

“The results of the study by Dave et al remind us that we should at least be cautious when we escalate or initiate antihypertensive therapy in the older adult nursing home population,” said authors Muna Canales, MS, and Ronald Shorr, MD, MS, both from the University of Florida, in a commentary paper.

As Canales and Shorr had put it, “What message should we take back to the nursing home bedside?” Controlling blood pressure is linked to improved cardiovascular, kidney, and cognitive outcomes but falls can also be dangerous. The question remains if it is better in nursing homes to control the falls, which the authors view as an “unrealistic goal,” or treat high blood pressure.

“Ultimately, the question of how to treat blood pressure in older nursing home residents remains one that must be individualized,” Canales and Shorr wrote. “The days of the one-size-fits-all approach to treating common diseases are gone.”

Dave CV, Li Y, Steinman MA, et al. Antihypertensive Medication and Fracture Risk in Older Veterans Health Administration Nursing Home Residents. 

. Published online April 22, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0507

Canales MT, Shorr RI. Blood Pressure Management and Falls in Nursing Home Residents-A Matter of Balance. 

. Published online April 22, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0506

The fracture risk is greater for nursing home residents with dementia, greater baseline blood pressure values, and no recent antihypertensive medication use, a new study found.

Antihypertensive Medication Linked to Fracture Risk Among Older Adults

Abigail Brooks is an assistant editor for 

She joined MJH Life Sciences in August 2023 shortly after graduating from Monmouth University where she earned her BA in Communication with a concentration in Public Relations/Journalism and later an MA in Interactive Digital Media. She enjoys traveling, running, and reading books. She can be reached at abrooks@mjhlifesciences.com.

Health care is a major contributor to climate change, contributing approximately 5% of total greenhouse gas emissions and similar fractions of toxic air emissions. However, the health care system is also greatly impacted by changing climatic conditions, a topic Caren Solomon, MD, MPH, associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital, highlighted during her session at the 

2024 American College of Physicians (ACP) Internal Medicine Meeting

In a post-conference Q&A with the editorial team of 

, Solomon gave an overview of key topics discussed during her session and discussed what the health care system can be doing to help fight climate change, physicians’ and patients’ willingness to discuss climate change, and how this concept has evolved in recent years as well as progress she would like to see made in the future.

: What responsibility falls on physicians and other key stakeholders when it comes to climate change mitigation and adaptation? What can they be doing in their own communities?

In terms of reducing their own carbon footprint, physicians and health care professionals should work with their clinics and healthcare systems to reduce their carbon footprint, for example by encouraging their institutions to use (and generate) renewable energy where possible, reduce waste (include reducing the use of plastics and single-use devices where possible), and take other approaches as mentioned above.

To protect patients’ health in the setting of climate change, we can (and should) educate our patients, especially our higher-risk patients and caregivers, regarding strategies to reduce risks of harms from extreme heat and air pollution, including checking the heat index and air quality index and staying indoors as possible when exposure levels dangerously high; educating regarding signs of heat illness, the need to keep hydrated, and to have access to cooling; discussing the use of air filters and N95 masks when air quality poor, as in setting of wildfire smoke.

There are some great resources that patients and clinicians can use to guide responses to such climate change-related risks as extreme heat, wildfires, and flooding. For example, this excellent toolkit was created through a collaboration between Americares and the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health: 

https://www.americares.org/what-we-do/community-health/climate-resilient-health-clinics/#toolkit

As trusted voices, health professionals can play an important role in legislative advocacy by contacting their representatives or providing testimony and writing op-eds or letters to the editor, making clear the health harms of fossil fuels and the health benefits of proposed legislation to transition to clean energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Working in partnership with frontline communities, health care professionals can amplify the voices of those who are disproportionately harmed by fossil fuel pollution and climate change in order to prioritize their needs.

: Do you find the climate change conversation is a conversation physicians are more willing to have because they see firsthand some of the direct health impacts, or is there still pushback? What about patients?

I think it is important for health professionals to remember that it should not be political to protect the health of our patients and that doing so includes their recognizing the health risks of climate change, such as extreme heat, worse air quality, more allergens, and more insect-borne diseases, and how they can protect themselves. This can be addressed by explaining to patients (particularly those at higher risk) that we are experiencing, for example, more days of extreme heat, more local insect-borne diseases like Lyme disease (and outside what was traditionally thought of as the season during which these occurred), and then explaining briefly ways to keep safe. Resources like the ones mentioned above can be helpful for managing extreme heat or other climate hazards.

In my experience, patients generally respond well to information about such risks, and I do mention their relation to climate change. My sense is that more physicians are beginning to have these conversations for the reasons you note, but it is still not the norm among physicians or across visits. Challenges include potential discomfort in how to bring this up with patients and uncertainty on the part of many clinicians about what needs to be covered and effective ways to do so. In this regard, more education can help and is increasingly being incorporated into med school and post-graduate curricula. Another major challenge is the time pressures inherent in clinic visits in which multiple other issues also need to be addressed.

One other important point clinicians can make in speaking with patients is that certain lifestyle changes that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, like reducing or eliminating meat intake in favor of a plant-based diet, or walking or biking when possible instead of driving, also have major health benefits, such as facilitating weight loss and reducing risks for metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease.

: How far has this conversation come in recent years as climate change has grown into a much larger discussion? Where would you like to see it go/continue in the future?

As you indicate, the conversation has expanded substantially in recent years. We are seeing increasing attention to health as a critical reason for rapidly transitioning from fossil fuels to clean sources of energy. I would like to see the health community become increasingly active in climate action, including in educating patients, communities, and legislators about how climate change and fossil fuel pollution harm health, and the substantial health benefits of rapidly transitioning away from fossil fuels. If people realize that their health, and especially their children’s health, is at stake if we do not act soon, that can be a powerful motivator for action.

We are also seeing more recognition of the role of the fossil fuel industry in causing the climate crisis (as well as air and other pollution) and in impeding the action we need to protect our patients’ health. We know that fossil fuel industry scientists projected decades ago the harms of their products with respect to global warming and that the industry responded to this information by sowing false skepticism and hindering the passage of needed climate legislation. A new alliance of health organizations called Fossil Free for Health is focused on bringing attention to these issues and supporting policies that end fossil fuel use and promote environmental justice.

Solomon discusses the health care system’s role in mitigating climate change and how health care professionals can help protect and inform their patients.

Caren Solomon, MD, MPH: How The Health Care System Can Combat Climate Change

Lana Pine is the editor of HCPLive Rheumatology. She is an experienced editor and technical writer with a demonstrated history of working in the banking and publishing industries. In her free time, she enjoys cooking, yoga, listening to podcasts, and drawing. She can be reached via email at LPine@mjhlifesciences.com.

Treatment with abatacept was shown to decelerate the progression of atherosclerosis, which could be useful for patients with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, according to a study published in 

New treatments, including biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) has been proven to improve the prognosis and quality of life in patients with 

. Older patients (aged ≥ 65 years) are at a higher risk of developing infections due to bDMARD use. These patients are also more likely to exhibit comorbidities and be treated with > 1 medications, which can hinder the control of disease activity. However, malignancy, risk of infection, and treatment-related complications linked to specific b/tsDMARDs remain inconclusive.

“RA is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment, and there seems to be a large variability across different drugs,” wrote a group of Japanese investigators predominately associated with the Toho University School of Medicine. “Thus, it is vital to attain disease control by considering each patient’s needs and selecting the medication that would lead to the most benefits in terms of joint and cardiovascular outcomes.”

To better understand atherosclerosis among a cohort of patients with RA, investigators evaluated the 3-year efficacy and safety in a population of older and younger patients. Eligible patients had clinically diagnosed RA, had a history of being refractory to treatment with csDMARDs, were bDMARD-naïve, and provided written consent.

The open-label, prospective, observational study stratified patients into 4 groups: patients receiving abatacept among younger (aged 20 — 64 years) and older (aged ≥ 65 years) groups (AY and AO, respectively) and patients treated with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) among younger and older groups (CY and CO, respectively).

The primary endpoints were changes from baseline in mean intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery, IMT max, and plaque score at week 156. Other endpoints of interest were retention rate, disease activity, and adverse effects.

A total of 216 patients were included in the study, of which 52 were placed in the AY cohort, 73 were placed in the AO cohort, 41 were in the CY cohort, and 50 were in the CO cohort. Among the abatacept groups, patients had a mean age of 51.9 years compared with 52.1 years in the csDMARDs group. Disease activity and physical function were higher in the abatacept group compared with the csDMARDs group. Atherosclerosis parameters were higher among older patients in both cohorts.

Patients in both abatacept groups experienced smaller increases in mean IMT, max IMT, and plaque score compared with both csDMARD cohorts at the end of the study. However, differences between groups were not statistically significant.

Results of the multivariate analysis demonstrated significantly lower increases in plaque score in the abatacept cohort compared with csDMARDs when accounting for disease activity at 156 weeks (

= .0303). Additionally, the proportion of patients with good or good/moderate European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response were higher in patients receiving abatacept, with no significant differences observed between the older and younger patients. No significant differences were observed in retention rates among older and younger patients receiving abatacept.

Although serious adverse effects, specifically infection, were more frequent in the abatacept cohort compared with csDMARDs, no significant differences were reported.

Investigators noted the observational study design, relatively small sample size, and limited number of cases as limitations. Generalizability was also limited due to the exclusively Japanese population.

“Abatacept may be useful for patients with high risk for cardiovascular disease, such as older patients,” investigators concluded.

Yamada Z, Muraoka S, Kawazoe M, et al. Long-term effects of abatacept on atherosclerosis and arthritis in older vs. younger patients with rheumatoid arthritis: 3-year results of a prospective, multicenter, observational study. 

. 2024;26(1):87. Published 2024 Apr 17. doi:10.1186/s13075-024-03323-8

Askling J, Fahrbach K, Nordstrom B, Ross S, Schmid CH, Symmons D. Cancer risk with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) inhibitors: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab using patient level data. Pharmacoepidermiol Drug Saf. 2011;20:119–30. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.2046.

Patients receiving abatacept experienced smaller increases in mean IMT, max IMT, and plaque score compared with the csDMARD cohorts. 

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Abatacept Treatment May Slow Atherosclerosis Progression 

Connor Iapoce is an associate editor for 

 and joined the MJH Life Sciences team in April 2021. He graduated from The College of New Jersey with a degree in Journalism and Professional Writing. He enjoys listening to records, going to concerts, and playing with his cat Squish. You can reach him at 

Article intelligence chatbots, including ChatGPT and Bard, varied in accuracy, comprehensiveness, and readability on glaucoma questions adapted from patient brochures. 

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AI Chatbots Show Promise as Patient Information Source for Glaucoma

At the end of the trial, the study met its primary outcome, indicating therapeutic equivalence between the biosimilar (AVT05) and reference golimumab. 

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Proposed Golimumab Biosimilar AVT05 Meets Primary Endpoints in Moderate to Severe RA 

An observational study in the UK investigated the risk of adverse events related to colchicine prophylaxis after receiving allopurinol for gout.

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Patient Factors Predictive of Colchicine-Related Adverse Events in Gout

A new study found intensive topical therapy improves deep sleep and REM sleep for patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis after 2 weeks.

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Sleep of Psoriasis Patients Improves with Intensive Topical Treatment

A recent meta-analysis of more than 60 studies suggests guselkumab and risankizumab had the longest drug survival of IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors for psoriasis. 

Guselkumab, Risankizumab Boast Longest Drug Survival Among IL-17, IL-23 Inhibitors 

Positive topline results showed treatment response consistent with NefIgArd findings, regardless of whether participants had previously been treated with Nefecon or placebo.

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Calliditas Announces Open Label Extension Results for Budesonide (Nefecon) in IgA Nephropathy

In this interview, Chun discussed recommendations for internal medicine physicians to give older adults for slowing aging as well as evidence for statins.

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Balmes discusses the latest annual State of the Air Report, which shows that 131 million Americans are living in areas with failing air quality grades.

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Join the American Lung Association and HCPLive every month as Dr. Al Rizzo interviews world-leading experts on the great challenges, accomplishments, and stories in respiratory medicine.

2024 State of the Air: Record Highs in US Particle Pollution, with John Balmes, MD

In an interview with HCPLive, Larry Ereshefsky, PharmD, discussed the phase 3 RECOVER trial assessing brilaroxazine at 50 mg and 15 mg for acute schziophrenia.

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Latest News

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Not Linked to Post-Op Respiratory Complications

Audrey Chun, MD: Recommendations on Statins, Connecting Dementia to Hearing Loss

Antihypertensive Medication Linked to Fracture Risk Among Older Adults

Caren Solomon, MD, MPH: How The Health Care System Can Combat Climate Change

Abatacept Treatment May Slow Atherosclerosis Progression