Alex Hillenbrand is an assistant editor for 

. She earned her BA in English from Lafayette College in 2023 and went on to write for pop culture, entertainment, and sports media outlets before joining MJH Life Sciences in 2025. In her free time, Alex enjoys cooking, going on walks, and meeting new people. Contact her at mjhlifesciences.com.

Credit: Australian and New Zealand Society of Nephrology

Iptacopan (Fabhalta) demonstrated a 49.3% slower rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline versus placebo in the final 2-year results from the phase 3 APPLAUSE-IgAN trial.

The results were announced by Novartis and presented as late-breaking data at the 2026 World Congress of Nephrology (WCN) in Yokohama, Japan. Additional findings included a 43% reduction in the likelihood of composite kidney failure events and 40.7% of iptacopan-treated patients achieving target proteinuria, compared with 23.7% in the placebo group.

“Persistent kidney inflammation is a hallmark of IgAN, and a key driver of disease progression, leading to ongoing kidney damage and loss of function over time,” said Vlado Perkovic, MD, Professor of Medicine and Provost, University of New South Wales, and Steering Committee Co-Chair of the APPLAUSE-IgAN study in a statement. “These results are important because they show that Fabhalta can reduce the risk of disease progression, help preserve kidney health, and address outcomes associated with long-term disease burden.”

Iptacopan is an oral factor B inhibitor designed to selectively target the alternative complement pathway, a key driver of inflammation and kidney damage in IgAN. Through factor B inhibition, iptacopan reduces ongoing complement-mediated injury and may slow disease progression.

APPLAUSE-IgAN is a phase 3 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 443 adults with biopsy-confirmed IgAN and proteinuria ≥1 g/day despite optimized supportive therapy.

Investigators randomly assigned patients in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral iptacopan 200 mg (n = 222) or placebo (n = 221), in addition to supportive therapy.

The safety profile of iptacopan was consistent with previous findings, with similar rates of adverse events and treatment discontinuation between groups.

“The two-year results demonstrate that Fabhalta consistently and meaningfully slows kidney function decline in high-risk patients with IgAN,” said Ruchira Glaser, MD, MS, Global Head, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Development, Novartis in a statement. “This progress reflects years of focused research and supports our efforts to advance more targeted treatment options to help preserve kidney health in people living with IgAN.”

Iptacopan has received regulatory approvals in multiple complement-mediated diseases and is being evaluated across IgAN and other rare kidney conditions.

Novartis Pharma AG. Novartis IgAN data in New England Journal of Medicine show Fabhalta® slowed kidney function decline by 49.3%. GlobeNewswire News Room. Published March 29, 2026. Accessed April 8, 2026. 

https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2026/03/29/3264223/0/en/Novartis-IgAN-data-in-New-England-Journal-of-Medicine-show-Fabhalta-slowed-kidney-function-decline-by-49-3.html

Perkovic V, Barratt J, Rovin B, et al. Alternative Complement Pathway Inhibition with Iptacopan in IgA Nephropathy. 

. Published online October 25, 2024. doi:

Articles

Final 2-year phase 3 data from APPLAUSE-IgAN show oral iptacopan (Fabhalta), a factor B inhibitor targeting the alternative complement pathway, significantly attenuates eGFR decline versus placebo in high-risk IgA nephropathy despite optimized supportive care. Treatment was associated with fewer composite kidney failure events and a higher proportion of patients achieving target proteinuria. Efficacy signals were accompanied by a safety profile consistent with prior experience, with comparable adverse-event and discontinuation rates. The program supports complement modulation as a disease-modifying strategy in IgAN.

2-year results from phase 3 APPLAUSE-IgAN demonstrate slower eGFR decline, reduced composite kidney failure, and proteinuria in IgAN patients treated with iptacopan. 


Clinical

clinical page is a resource for content on every specialty, disease, and topic available on our medical news site.

News

news page, resources on the topics of disease- and specialty-specific medical news and expert insight can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on health care research, treatment, and drug development.

IgA Nephropathy

The HCPLive Berger disease page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on IgA nephropathy. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments in Berger disease, and more.

Nephrology

The HCPLive nephrology page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on kidney disease. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments in nephrology, and more.

Breaking News

APPLAUSE-IgAN: Iptacopan (Fabhalta) Exhibits 49.3% Slower eGFR Decline in IgAN Patients Than Placebo

Viet Le, DMSc, PA-C, is a preventive cardiology PA at Intermountain Health and the former president of the Academy of Physician Associates in Cardiology.

Recognizing and Classifying Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

In this episode, Recognizing and Classifying Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, the cardiology experts explore the following questions:

What are the signs and symptoms of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and how long does it usually take to arrive at a diagnosis?

Let’s get into the classification of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Can you please describe it compared with other types?

The panelists examined obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM), which commonly presents with symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, fatigue, syncope, and palpitations, though these can be nonspecific and contribute to delays in recognition. As a result, it may take several years from symptom onset to arrive at an accurate diagnosis, particularly in patients without a known family history. oHCM is characterized by left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, which distinguishes it from non-obstructive forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that lack significant hemodynamic obstruction. Classification of HCM broadly includes obstructive, non-obstructive, and latent forms, each with different clinical implications and management strategies.

Throughout the conversation, the experts provide a comprehensive reflection on the field and the factors that may shape how clinicians approach care moving forward.

The next episode in this series, The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment in Obstructive HCM, features the panelists advancing their conversation on the critical role of early diagnosis in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, emphasizing the value of thorough history taking in identifying symptoms and familial risk. It also reviews current treatment recommendations aimed at managing symptoms, reducing obstruction, and improving long-term patient outcomes.

Videos

Panelists discuss the signs, symptoms, diagnostic delays, and classification of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including how it differs from other forms and its implications for clinical management.

Video Series

Diagnosing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Challenges and Gaps in Clinical Practice

Welcome back to another HCPLive Peer Exchange series. In this episode titled, Diagnosing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Challenges and Gaps in Clinical Practice, Dr. Martin Maron led the conversation about the following questions:

How is the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) made in your clinic?

Do you believe that this disease is underdiagnosed in clinical practice, and why?

Panelists highlighted how hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is diagnosed in clinical practice, including the use of imaging, clinical evaluation, and family history. It examines variability in diagnostic approaches across different care settings and the potential impact on timely identification. The conversation also addresses whether HCM remains underdiagnosed and the key factors contributing to missed or delayed diagnoses, such as nonspecific symptoms and limited screening. Finally, it highlights opportunities to improve detection through increased awareness, guideline implementation, and targeted screening strategies.

In the next episode, Recognizing and Classifying Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, panelists will continue their discussion by highlighting the key signs, symptoms, and progressive nature of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including the typical timeline to diagnosis and factors contributing to delays. It will also explore how oHCM is classified in comparison to other forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, with implications for disease management and treatment selection.

Panelists discuss the challenges and gaps in diagnosing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including variability in clinical practice, underdiagnosis, and opportunities to improve detection.

Intravenous Iron — When to Escalate, Formulation Choice, and Safety Considerations 

An expert discusses the clinical thresholds for transitioning from oral to intravenous iron, the practical considerations that guide formulation selection among available IV iron products, and the safety profile of IV iron including the distinction between true anaphylaxis and complement activation-related reactions.

Intravenous (IV) iron is indicated when oral iron is ineffective, not tolerated, or not feasible given the patient's underlying condition. A practical benchmark for assessing oral iron response is a hemoglobin increase of approximately 1 g/dL within the first 2 weeks of therapy and a rise in ferritin within the first month. Failure to meet these benchmarks, patient-reported intolerance, or a clinical situation in which iron losses are known to exceed the capacity of oral absorption — such as post-bariatric surgery, active inflammatory bowel disease, or other malabsorptive states — all constitute grounds for escalating to IV iron. Many clinical teams also initiate IV iron empirically in high-risk patients rather than waiting for a demonstrated oral iron failure, recognizing that the trial of oral therapy in these populations is unlikely to succeed and delays repletion.

All currently available IV iron formulations have similar efficacy and overall safety profiles, and no single product is preferred on safety grounds alone. In practice, formulation selection is often driven by the number of infusions required to achieve full iron repletion — products such as ferric carboxymaltose, ferric derisomaltose, ferumoxytol, and low-molecular-weight iron dextran can each replace iron stores in 1 to 2 infusions, which is a meaningful advantage for patient convenience. True anaphylaxis to IV iron is rare; the majority of reactions encountered in practice are complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA) reactions, managed by pausing the infusion, allowing the reaction to self-resolve, and resuming at a slower rate. These reactions occur in approximately 1 in 200 infusions; more severe CARPA reactions occur in approximately 1 in 200,000 infusions. Diphenhydramine premedication should be avoided, as its side effects can mimic infusion reactions and complicate clinical assessment.

In this segment of the video discussion on IDA management, Richard Godby, MD, highlights 2 product-specific considerations that clinicians and infusion teams should be aware of. Ferumoxytol has historically been used as an MRI contrast agent, and if a patient receiving ferumoxytol will undergo MRI imaging within 3 months, the radiology team should be notified to avoid interpretive interference. Ferric carboxymaltose, particularly with repeated infusions, carries a higher tendency to cause hypophosphatemia — a side effect that warrants monitoring and patient awareness. Godby frames these not as reasons to avoid these formulations but as practical considerations that should be part of the clinical team's and patient's shared understanding before infusion is initiated.

Learn when to switch to IV iron, which formulations need fewer infusions, and how to manage rare reactions, MRI issues, and hypophosphatemia.

Victoria Johnson joined MJH Life Sciences in 2020 and has written for NeurologyLive, CGTLive, and is now an assistant managing editor for HCPLive and RheumatologyLive. She doesn’t have enough time for her numerous hobbies. You can reach her at vjohnson@mjhlifesciences.com.

 opened Q1 2026 with long-overdue clinical infrastructure and closed it with one of the most consequential chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) trial readouts in years. January brought CHEST's first guideline dedicated to biologic selection and sequencing in severe asthma — a practical framework for a therapeutic landscape that has grown faster than the evidence guiding its use — alongside FDA clearance of LEADOPTIK's LIA system, a biopsy tool that embeds real-time depth imaging into the needle itself and may meaningfully compress the diagnostic timeline in lung cancer. February's signal came from the pipeline: verekitug's phase 2 VALIANT data positioned the TSLP receptor antagonist as a credible addition to the severe asthma biologic class, and real-world findings for AREXVY extended the case for RSV vaccination in older adults by linking it to reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events during RSV-related hospitalizations.

March was defined by COPD. Tozorakimab's dual phase 3 success in OBERON and TITANIA — across all eosinophil levels and smoking histories — established IL-33 inhibition as a viable mechanism in a broad COPD population, not just the type 2–enriched subgroups that current approved biologics require. The month also delivered ENCORE, Insmed's confirmatory trial for Arikayce in antibiotic-naïve MAC lung disease, which posted a 30-percentage-point gap in 6-month culture conversion over multidrug therapy alone and set up a label expansion filing for the second half of 2026. Taken together, Q1 reflected a field pressing simultaneously on multiple fronts: earlier and more precise diagnosis, smarter biologic sequencing in asthma, and the steady extension of anti-inflammatory therapy into diseases — COPD, MAC lung disease — where its reach was, until recently, limited.

Check out this Q1 2026 pulmonology recap for a look at HCPLive's coverage of the top news and research from the first quarter of the year:

New CHEST Recommendations Guide Biologic Use for Severe Asthma

CHEST released its first guideline dedicated to choosing and sequencing biologics in severe asthma, offering 7 evidence-based recommendations that often favor dupilumab, especially for patients with frequent exacerbations or steroid dependence. The guideline fills a major gap for clinicians navigating biologic switches after treatment failure, helping tailor therapy based on biomarkers, comorbidities, and response patterns.

FDA Clears LEADOPTIK's LIA System for Higher-Accuracy Lung Biopsy

The FDA cleared LEADOPTIK's Last Inch Assessment system, a biopsy tool that embeds high-resolution depth imaging directly into the needle to confirm real-time tissue sampling, offering 50× higher resolution than current technologies. With preclinical data showing >95% biopsy accuracy, the system could significantly reduce diagnostic delays in lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death, and strengthen early detection efforts that can cut mortality by up to 25%.

Phase 2 VALIANT: Verekitug Reduces Average Annual Asthma Flare-Ups

Topline results from the phase 2 VALIANT trial show that verekitug met its primary endpoint, demonstrating statistically significant reductions in annualized asthma exacerbation rate compared with placebo in adults with severe asthma. The TSLP receptor antagonist achieved a 56% exacerbation reduction at the 100 mg every-12-weeks dose, with Upstream Bio planning to advance the drug into phase 3 trials in severe asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

AREXVY Vaccine Reduces Hospitalization, Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in RSV

New real-world data from GSK show that AREXVY was associated with 75.6% effectiveness against RSV-related hospitalization in adults aged 60 and older, with exploratory endpoints also demonstrating reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, during RSV-related hospitalizations. The findings, presented at RSVVW'26 in Rome, were derived from a retrospective cohort study of more than 2.5 million US patients and a separate nationwide Danish cohort of adults with COPD.

IL-33 Inhibitor Tozorakimab Cuts COPD Exacerbations in Phase 3 Trials

Tozorakimab, an investigational monoclonal antibody targeting IL-33, met its primary endpoint in both the phase 3 OBERON and TITANIA trials, reducing moderate-to-severe COPD exacerbation rates compared with placebo in former smokers and in the overall population, which included current smokers across all eosinophil levels and lung function severity stages. The results, announced by AstraZeneca on March 27, position tozorakimab as the first IL-33–targeting biologic to demonstrate significant exacerbation reduction across 2 replicate confirmatory trials in a broad COPD population; specific rate ratios and 

 values were not disclosed in the high-level announcement. Full data are expected at an upcoming medical meeting, with 2 additional LUNA program trials — PROSPERO and MIRANDA — still ongoing.

ENCORE: ARIKAYCE Meets End Points, Improves Respiration in MAC Lung Disease

Insmed's phase 3b ENCORE trial of amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (Arikayce) plus guideline-based multidrug therapy met its primary endpoint and all multiplicity-controlled culture conversion endpoints in antibiotic-naïve patients with a new MAC lung infection, with culture conversion by month 6 achieved in 87.8% of treated patients versus 57.0% on placebo and durable conversion at month 15 in 76.2% versus 47.6%. The results fulfill an FDA post-marketing requirement associated with Arikayce's existing accelerated approval for refractory MAC lung disease, and Insmed plans to file a supplemental NDA in the second half of 2026 seeking both label expansion into the antibiotic-naïve population and conversion to traditional approval. The ENCORE population is meaningfully broader than the refractory indication that preceded it, and the 30-percentage-point gap in 6-month culture conversion underscores the magnitude of added benefit over multidrug therapy alone.

Pulmonology priorities in early 2026 converged on sharper biologic decision-making, faster diagnostic workflows, and expansion of immunomodulation into historically underserved airway and infectious lung diseases. A first dedicated CHEST guideline provided evidence-based sequencing recommendations for severe asthma, often favoring dupilumab in high-exacerbation or steroid-dependent phenotypes. Diagnostics advanced with FDA clearance of a needle-integrated depth-imaging biopsy platform intended to reduce lung cancer delays. The pipeline delivered a TSLP receptor antagonist signal, real-world RSV vaccine benefits, and phase 3 validation of IL-33 inhibition in broad COPD, alongside confirmatory Arikayce data supporting MAC label expansion.

The Q1 recap for pulmonology spotlights regulatory and clinical advances across asthma and pulmonary fibrosis.

Pulmonology

Infectious Disease condition center page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on respiratory health. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease, COVID-19, and more.

Asthma

The HCPLive asthma page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on asthmatic disease. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for allergic and severe asthma, and more.

COPD

COPD condition center page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on COPD research, treatment, and drug development.

Q1 2026 Recap: Pulmonology News and Updates

March 2026 saw new data from pivotal clinical trials and new expert conversations on HCPLive.

5 Pulmonology Headlines You Missed in March 2026

Michael H. Gold, MD, is the founder and medical director of Gold Skin Care Center, Advanced Aesthetics Medical Spa, The Laser & Rejuvenation Center.

In this Q&A interview at AAD 2026, Gold highlights various tips and strategies for healing scars among patients with skin of color.

Dermatology

The HCPLive dermatology page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on skin disease. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments for dermatologic conditions, and more.

Conference

 conference coverage page features articles, videos, and expert-led live coverage from major medical meetings throughout the year.

Scar Management Strategies Tailored to Patients of Color, With Michael H. Gold, MD

Andrew Yockey, PhD, assistant professor at the University of Mississippi.

Survey data show a nearly 40% drop in adolescent depressive episodes post-pandemic, though clinicians should remain vigilant for disparities and unmet care needs, Yockey says.

Psychiatry

Psychiatry condition center page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on mental illnesses. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and more.

Major Depressive Disorder

Major Depressive Disorder condition center page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into depression can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on MDD research, treatment, and drug development.

Adolescent Depressive Episodes Declined From 2021- 2024, With Andrew Yockey, PhD

Nancy Reau, MD, is Professor of Internal Medicine, Richard B. Capps Chair of Hepatology, Associate Director of Solid Organ Transplantation, and Section Chief of Hepatology at Rush University Medical Center.

Podcasts

Experts discuss when to use genetic testing in cholestatic disease, how to interpret results, and its growing role in diagnosis and management.

Liver Lineup: Updates & Unfiltered Insights

Introducing Liver Lineup: Updates & Unfiltered Insights — an exciting new podcast delivering timely, candid perspectives on the most pressing topics in the fast-moving world of hepatology. Created by Nancy Reau, MD, and Kimberly Brown, MD, and hosted by HCPLive, this series dives into the cutting edge of liver disease research, clinical care, and real-world practice.

podcasts page features a feed of medical news and interview podcast series, including DocTalk, Lungcast, Derm Discussions, and Heart Trials.

Hepatology

Cholangitis

cholangitis page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into cholangitis can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on research, treatment, and drug development in PBC, PSC, and more!

Liver Lineup: Navigating Genetic Testing in Cholestatic Liver Disease

This Q&A interview with Gold at AAD 2026 highlights notable takeaways from his portion of the session titled 'Acne Boot Camp.'

Acne

The HCPLive acne page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on dermatological disease. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos, and research on the therapies and development of treatments for chronic acne, and more.

Strategies and Technologies for Acne Treatment in 2026, With Michael H. Gold, MD

John Cijan He, MD, PhD, is a Professor of Medicine and Pharmacological Sciences and Chief of the Division of Nephrology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

An expert shares his perspective on emerging targets and precision strategies for podocyte injury in glomerular disease. 


Chronic Kidney Disease

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

The HCPLive focal segmental glomerulosclerosis page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on FSGS. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments in FSGS, and more. 

Strategic Alliance Partnership

Emerging Targets in Podocyte Injury Signal Shift in Glomerular Disease Treatment, With John Cijiang He, MD, PhD

Ann Marie Navar, MD, PhD, is an associate professor of cardiology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.

Navar discusses the phase 3 CORALreef AddOn trial, highlighting enlicitide’s superiority to ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, and a combination of both.

Cardiology

Cardiology condition center page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for heart disease and cardiovascular events, as well as associated diabetes, renal failure, and more...

Dyslipidemia

CORALreef AddOn: Enlicitide Outperforms Standard Hypercholesterolemia Drugs, With Ann Marie Navar, MD, PhD

Chelsie Derman is an associate editor for 

who covers allergy and  psychiatry. She joined MJH Life Sciences in September 2023 after graduating from The College of New Jersey with a bachelor’s degree in journalism and professional writing. In her free time, she enjoys creative writing and reading.

FDA approvals, new HAE guidance, epinephrine access shifts, and phase 3 peanut patch data defined major allergy developments across Q1 2026.


Allergy

Allergy condition center page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on allergic and inflammatory diseases. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for food and seasonal allergies, as well as allergic asthma and related conditions.

Anaphylaxis

The HCPLive anaphylaxis page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on acute allergic reactions. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for preventing anaphylaxis, and more.

Food Allergy

Q1 2026 Recap: Allergy News and Updates

Jawad Butt, MD, PhD, is a research fellow in the department of cardiology at Copenhagen University Hospital and the University of Glasgow.

Butt discusses his secondary analysis of the FINEARTS-HF trial, which demonstrated consistent treatment efficacy in patients with and without a history of IHD.

Heart Failure

The HCPLive heart failure page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on HF. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments for heart disease, reduced and preserved ejection fraction, and more.

Finerenone Efficacy in HF Unchanged by Ischemic Heart Disease, With Jawad Butt, MD, PhD

Abigail Brooks is an assistant managing editor for 

She joined MJH Life Sciences in August 2023 shortly after graduating from Monmouth University where she earned her BA in Communication with a concentration in Public Relations/Journalism and later an MA in Interactive Digital Media. She enjoys traveling, running, and reading books. She can be reached at abrooks@mjhlifesciences.com.

Key hepatology updates from March 2026, including a first-in-class PBC therapy, viral hepatitis insights, and emerging research in MASLD and HCC.

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into HCV can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on hepatitis C virus research, treatment, and drug development.

MASH / MASLD

The HCPLive MASH & MASLD page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and steatohepatitis. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, and more.

Latest News

APPLAUSE-IgAN: Iptacopan (Fabhalta) Exhibits 49.3% Slower eGFR Decline in IgAN Patients Than Placebo

Recognizing and Classifying Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Diagnosing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Challenges and Gaps in Clinical Practice

Intravenous Iron — When to Escalate, Formulation Choice, and Safety Considerations

Q1 2026 Recap: Pulmonology News and Updates