Substance-related Disorders

Regardless of college enrollment, young adulthood is a period of high risk for many psychiatric disorders ( 6), especially the onset of substance use disorders ( 7). ... Moreover, heavy drinking and illicit drug use have also been linked to academic

Background: Although awareness of the misuse of medicines is increasing, data on the extent of the problem in the European Union (EU) are lacking. Methods: In order to assess the magnitude and severity of the problem, a systematic review of the literature on the misuse of analgesics, opioid substitution medicines and sedatives/hypnotics (with the exception of benzodiazepines) was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Relevant literature was identified between

After adjustment for covariates, accessing recommended treatment was associated with past substance abuse treatment history, alcohol use, heavy drug use, posttraumatic stress disorder, and number of follow-up contacts with a ... Abstract Teaser. Figures

Health Outcomes in Patients Using No-Prescription Online Pharmacies to Purchase Prescription Drugs|Background: Many prescription drugs are freely available for purchase on the Internet without a legitimate prescription from a physician. Objective: This study focused on the motivations for using no-prescription online pharmacies (NPOPs) to purchase prescription drugs rather than using the traditional doctor-patient-pharmacy model. We also studied whether users of NPOP-purchased drugs had poorer health outco

The high incidence of co-occurring psychiatric and substance use disorders in the general population and in treatment-seeking populations has led the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration to ... We need to integrate prevention and

To identify factors recorded in electronic medical chart progress notes associated with suicide among patients who had received treatment for depression.|The retrospective study sample consisted of 324 randomly selected US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients treated for depression who died by suicide from April 1, 1999, to September 30, 2004, stratified by geographic region, gender, and year of depression cohort entry and 312 control patients with depression who were alive on the date of suicide death (index date) and were from the same stratum as the matched suicide patient. In addition to constructing variables from administrative data, variables were abstracted from electronic medical chart notes in the year prior to the index date in 5 categories: clinical symptoms and diagnoses, substance use, life stressors, behavioral/ideation measures (eg, suicide attempts), and treatments received. Logistic regression was used to assess the associations.|Even after we adjusted for

Suicide is one of the major causes of deaths worldwide. Several studies have showed that alcohol use disorders (AUD) are associated with suicide ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide completion. The majority of the theoretical conceptualization and the bulk of evidence on suicidal behavior and AUD are based on investigations of nonfatal cases because data on nonfatal suicidal behaviors are more readily available. This study aims to explore demographic, clinical, and behavioral dimensions in a large sample of alcohol-related suicides compared to an age-gender matched sample of non-AUD suicides to identify specific factors associated with AUD suicides. We conducted a psychological autopsy study with 158 pairs of AUD and non-AUD suicides. Findings showed that AUD suicides have lower educational level, more biological children and were more likely to be heavy smokers (OR=3.32). Cases were more likely to have family history of alcohol (OR=1.73) and drug abuse (OR=3.61). Subjects had

In a recent randomized controlled trial (Hendriks et al., 2011), multidimensional family therapy (MDFT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) were equally effective in reducing cannabis use in adolescents (13-18 years old) with a cannabis use disorder (n=109). In a secondary analysis of the trial data, we investigated which pretreatment patient characteristics differentially predicted treatment effect in MDFT and CBT, in order to generate hypotheses for future patient-treatment matching.|The predictive value of twenty patient characteristics, in the area of demographic background, substance use, substance-related problems, delinquency, treatment history, psychopathology, family functioning and school or work related problems, was investigated in bivariate and subsequent multivariate linear regression analyses, with baseline to month 12 reductions in cannabis use days and smoked joints as dependent variables.|Older adolescents (17-18 years old) benefited considerably more from CBT,

Individuals with disabilities are a growing population that confronts multiple disadvantages from social and environmental determinants of health. In particular, the 7-8 million people in the U.S. with an intellectual disability (ID) suffer disproportionately from substance use problems, largely because of a lack of empirical evidence to inform prevention and treatment efforts for them. Although available research could inform future research efforts, studies are scattered across disciplines with the last review synthesizing findings written more than five years ago. To consider more recent findings with earlier works, PubMed, PsychINFO, and Google Scholar were searched and produced 37 peer-reviewed texts across multiple disciplines, 15 from 2006 or later. While the prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug use in this population are low, the risk of having a substance-related problem among ID substance users is comparatively high. Gaps in the research and population subgroups that

Substance use disorders (SUD) are a major public health problem. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a comorbid condition associated with both onset and prognosis of SUD. Prevalence estimates of ADHD in SUD vary significantly.|To obtain a best estimate of the prevalence of ADHD in SUD populations.|A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE. Search terms were ADHD, substance-related disorders, addiction, drug abuse, drug dependence, alcohol abuse, alcoholism, comorbidity, and prevalence. Results were limited to the English language.|After assessing the quality of the retrieved studies, 29 studies were selected. Studies in which nicotine was the primary drug of abuse were not included.|All relevant data were extracted and analysed in a meta-analysis. A series of meta-regression analyses was performed to evaluate the effect of age, primary substance of abuse, setting and assessment procedure on the prevalence of ADHD in a variety of SUD populations

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2011; 33( 4): 367 384 Key Words: Pregnancy, substance-related disorders, substance use, neonatal abstinence syndrome SOGC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE SOGC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE Jonathan Hey, MD, ... The use of alcohol and

Addressing viral hepatitis in people with substance use disorders.

Managing chronic pain in adults with or in recovery from substance use disorders.