David Golden, MD, clinical associate professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

On February 2, 2026, Aquestive Therapuetics announced that the 

 had issued a Complete Response Letter (CRL) to the New Drug Application (NDA) for dibutepinephrine (Anaphylm), an orally dissolving epinephrine sublingual film, to treat 

Despite dibutepinephrine having strong data across > 10 studies with nearly 1,000 administrations across adult and pediatric populations, the FDA cited usability concerns. The agency noted difficulty opening the pouch and incorrect film placement.

To address these concerns, Aquestive plans on modifying the packaging, instructions for use, and labeling, as well as conducting a new human factors validation study and a pharmacokinetics study. The company anticipates resubmission in the third quarter of 2026.

Although it may be awhile before epinephrine sublingual film becomes available to the public as another fast-acting, needle-free option, HCPLive spoke with trial investigator David Golden, MD, an associate professor from Johns Hopkins, 

on what this treatment could mean for anaphylaxis management

 In this Q&A, Golden shared how epinephrine sublingual film (Anaphym) differs from autoinjectors, its rapid symptom reduction, and the role it plays in improving real-world readiness for anaphylaxis.

How does sublingual epinephrine delivery compare with autoinjectors in terms of onset, absorption, and usability?

 We like the fact that Anaphylm works very rapidly, as fast as the auto injector. As far as how it builds up to its peak level in the system, it's very comparable to auto-injectors.

Many doctors in a hospital and clinic… [still] give epinephrine… [with] a syringe and needle. They don't use an auto-injector. That's actually not nearly as fast as Anaphylm or auto injectors.

[Epinephrine sublingual film is] not only easy to carry but easy use because it’s so small. It’s something you can just pop under your tongue in a moment. This is not something that needs training. Usability is a very high level…even in an emergency… which is one of the problems with some existing products. In… panic or emergency…everything gets harder to use. This is quite easy to use.

Absorption is part of what allows it to build up quickly. The problem with every type of epinephrine is getting it into the system…one of the problems with epinephrine is that…it constricts blood vessels. Now, that's great for helping your blood pressure go up when you have anaphylaxis, but it means that wherever you put it, it fights its own absorption.

Whether you inject it in the muscle, it actually is a little bit of a problem there. If you just sprayed epinephrine in your nose or in your mouth, would it get absorbed? Hardly at all, because it would block itself off. So, each of these products has to have something in it that helps absorption.

Anaphylm is a really engineered platform for delivering epinephrine into the system, dissolving under the tongue and releasing it into the system. One of the key features is that the end of [the] film is a pro-drug. It's a form of epinephrine that doesn't cause that local problem with absorption. It can easily be absorbed, and after it gets into the system, [that] is when it gets broken down into epinephrine.

How should clinicians interpret the rapid symptom resolution observed in the pivotal studies?

 The mean time to complete resolution of symptoms was 15 minutes after giving the Anaphylm under the tongue.

[In the trial], the idea [was] to let the reaction build up until [participants] can't stand it anymore…and then they [could] take the food out and take the Anaphylm. [This is] mainly to see how it's absorbed, but also to see what happens to the symptoms. When they did that, the symptoms completely went away after 15 minutes, initially in the study, before there was an initial oral food challenge…to confirm that we had the right patients, that they were going to get this kind of reaction in the mouth.

They're not dangerous reactions. Usually, when [people] get those reactions, [they] don't necessarily take medication, but when they didn't take medication in that initial phase of the study, the mean time to resolution [was] 74 minutes.

What should clinicians understand about the strength of the evidence supporting this product as they digest the FDA’s decision?

 We have to keep in mind that there have been… at least 10 or 11 clinical studies with probably close to 1000 administrations in hundreds of subjects, including single dose and repeated dose. That's a lot of experience with the Anaphylm product for the company to be able to provide information to clinicians as to how it performs, how it gets into the system, what kind of effects it has, the desirable effects, which are really good…as far as it being able to counteract anaphylaxis and the pretty good side effect profile.

What role do you see epinephrine sublingual film playing in improving real-world readiness and response to anaphylaxis?

 Anaphylm will really be a big step in improving [the] readiness of people to deal with anaphylaxis, for themselves, as caregivers, and even as innocent bystanders. It's just so easy to carry, use, and be available.

Right now, we're so concerned…that most people don't use epinephrine when they should. Just delaying or not using epinephrine… leads to more problems with more severe reactions in hospitalizations and intensive care. I think, in the real world, we're going to see more people using epinephrine before deciding even whether they need to go to the emergency department.

What remaining questions about non-injectable epinephrine do you think future studies will need to address?

 Future studies absolutely need to address the confidence that everyone wants to have in an epinephrine product. The prescribers, the patients, and caregivers want to know that this has been tried and tested and worked as good as you expect epinephrine to work. You expect it to work fast and get rid of your reaction. So, do we know that? Not really.

We haven't seen published evidence that [sublingual epinephrine film] … works in all kinds of anaphylactic reactions. We need to see that, but these studies are very hard to do. It's hard to be there when someone goes into anaphylaxis in a restaurant…but there are ways to do this, and we're looking forward to getting more of that.

Right now, we can say that we expect it to work, and the evidence…is based on the way that…it does get into the system. We know that in the system, these [epinephrine] products do give the results you expect…like the blood pressure goes up. So, if it does that the same way that an auto injector does, of course, it's going to work. That's the reason that [Neffy was] approved…But until there are actually 1000 reactions that have been treated, we can't say that there have been 1000 reactions treated, and it worked 80 or 90 or 100% of the time.

Brooks A. FDA Issues CRL to Dibutepinephrine (Anaphylm) Sublingual Film for Type 1 Allergic Reactions. HCPLive. February 2, 2026. 

https://www.hcplive.com/view/fda-issues-crl-to-dibutepinephrine-anaphylm-sublingual-film-for-type-1-allergic-reactions

Aquestive Therapeutics. Aquestive Therapeutics Announces FDA Issuance of Complete Response Letter for Anaphylm™. February 2, 2026. Accessed February 2, 2026. 

https://investors.aquestive.com/news-releases/news-release-details/aquestive-therapeutics-announces-fda-issuance-complete-response

Golden G. Anaphylm Remains Promising for Anaphylaxis Despite FDA CRL, With David Golden, MD. HCPLive. Published on February 3, 2026. Accessed on February 6, 2026. 

https://www.hcplive.com/view/anaphylm-remains-promising-anaphylaxis-despite-fda-crl-david-golden-md

Articles

Aquestive Therapeutics received an FDA Complete Response Letter for dibutepinephrine (Anaphylm), an orally dissolving sublingual epinephrine film intended for Type 1 allergic reactions, citing human factors issues rather than pharmacology. The agency flagged difficulty opening the pouch and incorrect film placement, despite a sizable clinical package. Planned remediation includes packaging and labeling revisions, updated instructions for use, a new human factors validation study, and an additional pharmacokinetics study, with resubmission targeted for Q3 2026.

Despite an FDA CRL over usability, trial data suggest the needle-free epinephrine film rivals autoinjectors in speed and absorption, with promise for real-world readiness.

News

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Anaphylaxis

The HCPLive anaphylaxis page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on acute allergic reactions. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for preventing anaphylaxis, and more.

Potential of Epinephrine Sublingual Film for Anaphylaxis, With David Golden, MD

John Hovanesian, MD, is the principal and owner of Harvard Eye Associates.

The Future of Yuvezzi Eye Drops in Presbyopia, With John Hovanesian, MD

 announced its approval of Tenpoint Therapeutics’ Yuvezzi (carbachol and brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution) 2.75%/0.1% for the treatment of 

The approval, which was spearheaded by positive data from the BRIO-I and BRIO-II phase 3 trials, marked Yuvezzi as the first and only combination eye drop approved for this indication. In addition to BRIO-I and BRIO-II, Yuvezzi underwent the largest and longest safety study for presbyopia eye drops, achieving miosis from 30 minutes to 10 hours with 1 drop daily.1

“The 2 phase 3 studies, BRIO-I and BRIO-II, looked at Yuvezzi’s efficacy, and found that in this vehicle-controlled study, statistically significant benefits were shown in terms of allowing patients to see better near vision without loss of distance visual acuity, which is the yardstick that the FDA likes to use,” John Hovanesian, MD, principal and owner of Harvard Eye Associates, told 

BRIO-I and II were both multicenter, double-masked, randomized safety and efficacy studies. Both trials examined patients with emmetropic phakic and pseudophakic presbyopia. BRIO-I compared Yuvezzi to its component parts – carbachol PF and brimonidine tartrate – administered individually, while BRIO-II included carbachol PF and standard vehicle as comparators.2,3

BRIO-I had the primary endpoint of the proportion of subjects with a ≥15 letter gain in binocular near visual acuity (BUCNVA) without a ≥5 letter loss in near visual acuity. BRIO-II, however, measured the change from baseline in near visual acuity, examining the percentage of subjects with 3-line improvement without loss of ≥1 line in distance visual acuity.2,3

Investigators in BRIO-I enrolled male or female patients 45-80 years old with presbyopia. Patients were excluded if they had a history of allergic reaction to the study drug or its components, or if they had a disease or medical condition that might confound study results or prevent participation.2

A total of 182 participants were ultimately enrolled and randomly assigned to receive 1 eye drop of either Yuvezzi, carbachol PF, or brimonidine tartrate at each visit. During the trial, Yuvezzi indicated its durability and tolerability by achieving ≥15 ETDRS letter gain in BUCNVA without a loss of ≥5 letters at distance at all time points through hour 6 (carbachol 

 = .039). Additionally, it achieved statistical significance in the proportion of patients achieving a 10-letter gain at near distance and the proportion of patients achieving ≥20/40 at near visual acuity.4

BRIO-II enrolled 629 patients across 42 locations in the US, who were randomly assigned to 1 drop of Yuvezzi, carbachol PF, or vehicle per visit. Ultimately, investigators noted that Yuvezzi demonstrated statistically significant improvements in near vision compared to vehicle at all timepoints out to 8 hours (

 <.008). Additionally, it significantly reduced pupil size at all timepoints, which is the central mechanism of action for miotic therapies.5

In both trials, Yuvezzi was well-tolerated with no treatment-related serious adverse events. Eye redness was also uncommon, and in BRIO-II, the rate of reported adverse events of ocular hyperemia was lower in patients assigned to Yuvezzi than those receiving carbochol alone.1

“When we as clinicians think about Yuvezzi, we really have to think from the patients’ perspective, because this is a drug that’s new to us and we have a bit of unfamiliarity with prescribing it, recommending it, educating patients,” Hovanesian said. “And yet, patients are highly motivated. What patients want is to be young again. And of course, we can’t give them that, but we can give them a treatment that will allow them to function as though they were a little bit younger.”

Editor’s Note: Hovanesian reports disclosures with AcuFocus, Inc, Azura Ophthalmics, Ocular Therapeutix, Research InSight, Versant Ventures, Novalic, and others.

Tenpoint Therapeutics. Tenpoint Therapeutics Ltd. Announces FDA Approval of YUVEZZI, the First and Only Combination Eye Drop Approved to Treat Presbyopia. 

. January 28, 2026. Accessed February 6, 2026. 

https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20260128284402/en/Tenpoint-Therapeutics-Ltd.-Announces-FDA-Approval-of-YUVEZZI-the-First-and-Only-Combination-Eye-Drop-Approved-to-Treat-Presbyopia

Visus Therapeutics. Safety and Efficacy Study BRIMOCHOL PF and Carbachol PF in Subjects With Emmetropic Phakic or Pseudophakic Presbyopia. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05270863. Updated October 15, 2024. Accessed February 6, 2026. 

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05270863

Visus Therapeutics. Safety and Efficacy Study of BRIMOCHOL PF and Carbachol PF in Subjects With Emmetropic Phakic and Pseudophakic Presbyopia. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05135286. Updated August 6, 2025. Accessed February 6, 2026. 

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05135286

Visus Therapeutics. Visus Therapeutics Presents Topline Clinical Data from Phase 3 Pivotal BRIO-I Trial of BRIMOCHOL PF for the Treatment of Presbyopia at Eyecelerator @ ASCRS 2023. 

. May 4, 2023. Accessed February 6, 2026. 

https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230504005453/en/Visus-Therapeutics-Presents-Topline-Clinical-Data-from-Phase-3-Pivotal-BRIO-I-Trial-of-BRIMOCHOL-PF-for-the-Treatment-of-Presbyopia-at-Eyecelerator-ASCRS-2023

Tenpoint Therapeutics. Tenpoint Therapeutics Announces Positive Topline Data from Phase 3 Pivotal Study, BRIO-II of BRIMOCHOL PF for the Treatment of Presbyopia. January 8, 2025. Accessed February 6, 2026. 

https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/64b01a75c3f993c7c15191dd/677ff7ffefa72f00cca150c7_PR%20Tenpoint%20Announces%20Positive%20Topline%20Clinical%20Data_8Jan2025_1pm.pdf

Videos

Hovanesian breaks down the process by which Yuvezzi received FDA approval and discusses the prescription and application of the new drug.

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into ophthalmic disease can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on eye disease research, treatment, and drug development.

FDA News

Luis Sanchez Russo, MD, is a nephrologist affiliating with Advent Health.

KDIGO 2025 Guides Mechanism-Driven Therapy in IgA Nephropathy

 released by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) mark a clear shift toward proactive, mechanism-driven disease management.

HCPLive spoke with Luis Sanchez Russo, MD, MS, a nephrologist at Central Florida Kidney Specialists and AdventHealth, to break down the clinical implications of the updated guidelines.

Pathophysiology of IgA Nephropathy: The 4-Hit Model

“I think the 2025 KDIGO guidelines are very much aligned with where the field is right now,” said Russo. “First, we now understand that this disease is not as benign as we previously thought. Second, for the first time in history, we have mechanism-driven therapeutics available.”

Recent research has aimed to explain the underlying mechanisms of IgAN with the 4-hit hypothesis.

First, circulating galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) accumulates due to abnormal glycosylation, exposing antigenic sites that trigger pathogenic immune responses. Second, the immune system generates IgG and/or IgA autoantibodies against Gd-IgA1, sustaining immune activation. Third, these antibodies bind Gd-IgA1 to form circulating immune complexes, which persist because clearance mechanisms are overwhelmed. Finally, the complexes deposit in the glomerular mesangium, activating mesangial cells and releasing proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators, driving inflammation, scarring, and progressive nephron loss. Understanding these steps provides the framework for how emerging therapies intervene at multiple points along the disease cascade.

“I think the 2025 KDIGO guidelines are very much aligned with where the field is right now. There are 2 major acknowledgments reflected in these updates,” said Sanchez. “First, we now understand that this disease is not as benign as we previously thought. Second, for the first time in history, we have mechanism-driven therapeutics available.”

Notably, the 2025 KDIGO guideline encourages kidney biopsy in adults with suspected IgAN and proteinuria ≥0.5 g/d, representing a shift from the 2021 guideline, which emphasized reducing proteinuria to <1 g/d.

The guidelines also reinforce proteinuria as a validated surrogate for long-term renal outcomes. Recommended targets have been lowered to <0.5 g/d, with an ideal goal of <0.3 g/d regardless of treatment status, reflecting evidence that persistent proteinuria increases lifetime risk of kidney failure.

A major new concept is the initiation of therapies to prevent or reduce pathogenic IgA production and immune complex formation, alongside treatment strategies to manage the consequences of existing nephron loss.

Emerging therapies now allow clinicians to target multiple stages of the IgAN disease cascade.

Mucosal-directed therapy, such as Nefecon, reduces circulating Gd-IgA1 at its source. APRIL and BAFF pathway inhibitors, including Sibeprenlimab, Atacicept, and Telitacicept, help limit the production of pathogenic autoantibodies. Plasma cell–directed therapy, like Mezagitamab, reduces the formation of circulating immune complexes. Therapies targeting downstream mesangial injury and nephron loss include complement inhibitors such as Iptacopan, endothelin receptor antagonists like Sparsentan and Atrasentan, and SGLT2 inhibitors including Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin.

Across all stages, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and optimized blood pressure management remain central to preserving kidney function. Together, these mechanism-based approaches represent a shift toward earlier, targeted intervention across the disease continuum.

In light of the KDIGO guidelines and these mechanism-driven therapeutic landscape, many questions remain unanswered.

“There is a great deal on the horizon. Now that effective treatments are available, it is essential to understand how to use them, how to combine them, and how to sequence them. This is where real-world evidence becomes critically important,” said Russo. “We have extensive pharmaceutical and mechanistic research, but now we need to determine how best to apply these therapies to real patients. That responsibility falls on the nephrology community, to use these medications and generate meaningful real-world data.”

Editor’s Note: Russo reports no relevant disclosures. 

Floege J, Barratt J, Cook HT, et al. Executive summary of the KDIGO 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy (IgAN) and Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis (IgAV). 

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2025.04.003

Barratt J, Mariani LH, Radhakrishnan J, Rizk DV, Tumlin JA, Lafayette RA. Defining Disease Modification in IgA Nephropathy: Toward a Paradigm Shift in Management. 

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2025.09.025

The 2025 KDIGO guidelines guide mechanism-driven therapy in IgA nephropathy, highlighting targeted interventions across the 4-hit disease cascade.

Nephrology

The HCPLive nephrology page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on kidney disease. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments in nephrology, and more.

IgA Nephropathy

The HCPLive Berger disease page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on IgA nephropathy. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments in Berger disease, and more.

KDIGO 2025 Guides Mechanism-Driven Therapy in IgA Nephropathy, With Luis Russo, MD, MS

Dr Cristancho describes how patient goals, time horizon, and clinical drivers of obesity guide the selection and counseling of non-incretin weight loss medications.

Aligning non-incretin pharmacotherapy with patient goals and mechanisms of disease

Clinicians are encouraged to ground non-incretin pharmacotherapy choices in explicit patient goals and timelines. Dr Cristancho recommends clarifying whether the primary objective is early appetite control, symptom relief, or gradual long-term weight reduction and comorbidity improvement. These discussions can align expectations and support adherence.

Mechanism-based selection is critical. For patients with hyperphagia or reward-driven eating, centrally acting agents that suppress appetite or modulate reward pathways may provide disproportionate benefit. Conversely, in patients with heightened cardiovascular risk or specific medication sensitivities, agent choice must carefully balance efficacy with safety.

When counseling, Dr Cristancho advises being transparent that non-incretin therapies generally yield more modest weight reductions than incretin agents but can still produce meaningful improvements in blood pressure, glycemia, and lipids. Incorporating cost and access considerations early helps to avoid disruptions and supports continuity of care.

In this segment, Cagney Cristancho, MD, outlines why non-incretin pharmacologic options remain essential in obesity care despite the rapid expansion of incretin-based therapies.

Non-incretin harmacotherapy in an incretin-dominated obesity landscape

This segment underscores that non-incretin agents remain indispensable because access and cost often constrain use of incretin therapies. Even when incretin agents are clinically appropriate, insurance coverage, prior authorization requirements, and high cost can preclude initiation or continuation. Dr Cristancho frames these barriers as system-level drivers of non-incretin prescribing rather than a simple hierarchy of efficacy.

Patient selection for antiobesity medications beyond incretins should follow established criteria: BMI ≥30 kg/m² or ≥27 kg/m² with at least 1 weight-related comorbidity. Dr Cristancho stresses the importance of documenting prior structured lifestyle efforts and their limitations, both to justify pharmacotherapy and to contextualize expectations.

The segment reminds clinicians to integrate patient preference—especially regarding oral vs injectable formulations—into early decision-making. Non-incretin agents offer diverse mechanisms and routes of administration that can align with patients who decline injections or cannot access incretin therapies, supporting a pragmatic and patient-centered obesity care model.

Tim Smith joined the MJH Life Sciences team in 2022 and is currently an associate editor for HCPLive. He is also the executive producer of two podcasts: Skin of Color Savvy and The Medical Sisterhood. Previously, he was the producer of the Lungcast podcast. He graduated from UC Berkeley and worked in multimedia journalism as a staff writer prior to joining MJH. You can contact him at tsmith@mjhlifesciences.com.

Catch up on dermatology news from January 2026, expert insights on dermatologic disease management, and more.

Dermatology

The HCPLive dermatology page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on skin disease. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments for dermatologic conditions, and more.

6 Dermatology Headlines You Missed in January 2026

Walter J. Liszewski, MD, is an associate professor of dermatology and cancer epidemiology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

This segment of Liszewski’s interview at Maui Derm Hawaii 2026 highlights additional takeaways for clinicians regarding the treatment of contact dermatitis.

Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic Dermatitis condition center page, audiences can find a variety of coverage mediums for medical news and updates, including articles, video interviews, podcasts, and breaking news on dermatitis research, treatment, and drug development.

Conference

 conference coverage page features articles, videos, and expert-led live coverage from major medical meetings throughout the year.

Diagnostic Approaches to Contact Dermatitis Overlap with Atopic Disease, With Walter Liszewski, MD

Victoria Johnson joined the MJH Life Sciences in 2020 and has written for NeurologyLive, CGTLive, and now HCPLive. You can reach her at vjohnson@mjhlifesciences.com

New data presented at EHSF in Malta boasts a reduced proportion of patients with severe HS at 3 years.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Hidradenitis Suppurativa condition center page, audiences can find a variety of coverage mediums for medical news and updates, including articles, video interviews, podcasts, and breaking news on dermatology research, treatment, and drug development.

Bimekizumab Demonstrates Long Term Efficacy in Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Alex Hillenbrand is an assistant editor for 

. She earned her BA in English from Lafayette College in 2023 and went on to write for pop culture, entertainment, and sports media outlets before joining MJH Life Sciences in 2025. In her free time, Alex enjoys cooking, going on walks, and meeting new people. Contact her at mjhlifesciences.com.

Tegoprubart, a CD40L-targeted therapy, may improve long-term kidney transplant outcomes by reducing immune-mediated injury.

Targeting Costimulatory Pathways in Kidney Transplant With Eliezer Katz, MD

Eric White, MD, global clinical development lead for rheumatology and pulmonology at Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals

The DROP-FPF Phase 3b trial will use automated HRCT biomarkers to assess whether early treatment with nerandomilast can slow disease progression before lung function declines.


Pulmonology

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Pulmonary Fibrosis

AI CT Tool for Early Pulmonary Fibrosis Detection Enters Phase 3, With Eric White, MD

Andrew Russman, DO, is a neurologist and the section head of stroke and vascular neurology at the Cleveland Clinic.

Russman highlights asundexian’s efficacy in patients following a non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack.

Cardiology

Cardiology condition center page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for heart disease and cardiovascular events, as well as associated diabetes, renal failure, and more...

Stroke

On the HCPLive stroke page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into CVA can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on stroke medicine, and more.

Strategic Alliance Partnership

OCEANIC-STROKE: Asundexian Reduces Stroke Risk Without Increasing Bleeding, With Andrew Russman, DO

2025 KDIGO guidelines reshape IgA nephropathy care with earlier biopsy, tighter proteinuria targets, and personalized treatment strategies.


How the 2025 KDIGO Guidelines Are Personalizing IgA Nephropathy Care, With Gerald Appel, MD

Susanne Brix Pedersen, professor at DTU Bioengineering

Vaginal delivery, exclusive breastfeeding, and early sibling exposure strongly predicted colonization with bifidobacteria that suppress IgE responses in a recent study.


Food Allergy

Early-Life Gut Bacteria Linked to Lower Food Allergy Risk, With Susanne Pedersen

Giles W. Story, PhD, from the University College London

New study shows baseline impulsivity links to residual symptoms but not relapse, highlighting the need for individualized, clinician-guided decisions.

Psychiatry

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Major Depressive Disorder

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Delay Discounting Fails to Predict MDD Relapse, Q&A With Giles Story, PhD

Viet Le, DMSc, PA-C, is a preventive cardiology PA at Intermountain Health and the former president of the Academy of Physician Associates in Cardiology.

In the final segment, experts discuss how to navigate traditional or cultural foods with patients in the absence of their inclusion in the guidelines.

Latest News

Potential of Epinephrine Sublingual Film for Anaphylaxis, With David Golden, MD

The Future of Yuvezzi Eye Drops in Presbyopia, With John Hovanesian, MD

KDIGO 2025 Guides Mechanism-Driven Therapy in IgA Nephropathy, With Luis Russo, MD, MS

Aligning non-incretin pharmacotherapy with patient goals and mechanisms of disease

Non-incretin harmacotherapy in an incretin-dominated obesity landscape