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 and joined the MJH Life Sciences team in April 2021. He graduated from The College of New Jersey with a degree in Journalism and Professional Writing. He enjoys listening to records, going to concerts, and playing with his cat Squish. You can reach him at 

 has approved Neurocrine Biosciences’ crinecerfont (Crenessity), a new treatment to be used in conjuction with glucocorticoids for 

 in adults and children aged 4 years and older.

Announced on December 13, 2024, the approval was awarded based on two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in which individuals who received crinecerfont reduced their daily glucocorticoid dose and maintained control of androstenedione levels

“Today’s approval provides an important advance for patients with classic CAH and highlights the FDA’s continued commitment to advancing effective and safe treatments for rare diseases,” Thereresa Kehoe, MD, director of the division of general endocrinology in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, said in a statement.

A rare genetic condition, classic CAH can impact the adrenal glands, wherein patients do not produce enough cortisol and produce excess androgens.

 These individuals require high doses of glucocorticoids to lower these excess levels. Crinecerfont reduces excess adrenal androgen production, reducing the amount of required glucocorticoid treatment.

Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials evaluated crinecerfont in 182 adults and 103 children with classic CAH.

 In the first trial, 122 received twice-daily crinecerfont and 60 received twice-daily placebo for 24 weeks. After the first 4 weeks, glucocorticoid doses were reduced to replacement levels and adjusted based on androstenedione levels.

The trial’s primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline in the total glucocorticoid daily dose, with maintenance of androstenedione control, at the end of the trial. Upon analysis, those who received crinecerfont reduced daily glucocorticoid doses by 27% and maintained control of androstenedione levels, compared with a 10% daily glucocorticoid dose reduction in the placebo cohort.

For the second trial, 69 children and adolescents received twice-daily crinecerfont and 34 received twice-daily placebo for 28 weeks. The primary efficacy measure was the change from baseline in serum androstenedione at Week 4.

Analysis showed those who received crinecerfont demonstrated a statistically significant reduction from baseline in serum androstenedione, compared with an average increase from baseline in the placebo group. By the end of the trial, those receiving crinecerfont reduced their daily glucocorticoid dose by 18% and maintained control of androstenedione levels—on the other hand, the placebo cohort experienced an approximate 6% daily glucocorticoid dose increase.

The drug has a warning regarding acute adrenal insufficiency or adrenal crisis, in the case of a patient with underlying adrenal insufficiency who does not receive adequate doses of glucocorticoid replacement therapy in situations linked to an increased cortisol need. The FDA warned crinecerfont should not be taken by patients with hypersensitivity to the drug’s active ingredient or any its components.

Safety outcomes showed the most common adverse effects of crinecerfont in adults included fatigue, dizziness, and arthralgia, while pediatric patients experienced headache, abdominal pain, and fatigue. The FDA previously granted crinecerfont Fast Track, Breakthrough Therapy, Orphan Drug and Priority Review designations.

“The FDA will continue working with patients, drug companies and health care providers to address the unmet medical needs of the rare disease community,” Kehoe added.

FDA. FDA approves new treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. December 13, 2024. Accessed December 13, 2024. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-new-treatment-congenital-adrenal-hyperplasia.

Momodu II, Lee B, Singh G. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448098/

Neurocrine Biosciences announces U.S. FDA accepts New Drug Applications and grants priority review for Crinecerfont for pediatric and adult patients with CAH. Neurocrine Biosciences. July 1, 2024. Accessed December 13, 2024. https://neurocrine.gcs-web.com/news-releases/news-release-details/neurocrine-biosciences-announces-us-fda-accepts-new-drug-0.

Articles

The FDA has approved crinecerfont (Crenessity) for use with glucocorticoids in treating congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in individuals aged 4 and older. This approval follows two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials demonstrating significant reductions in glucocorticoid doses while maintaining androstenedione control. Crinecerfont addresses the excess adrenal androgen production characteristic of CAH, reducing the need for high glucocorticoid doses. Safety concerns include potential adrenal insufficiency and hypersensitivity reactions. The FDA has granted crinecerfont multiple designations, emphasizing its commitment to rare disease treatment advancements.

Crinecerfont is indicated to be used with glucocorticoids to control androgen levels in adults and pediatric patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

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FDA Approves Crinecerfont for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Jennifer B. Green, MD: Implementation of Evidence-Based Therapies for T2D

22nd Annual World Congress Insulin Resistance Diabetes & Cardiovascular Disease (WCIRDC)

, Jennifer B. Green, MD, an endocrinologist and a clinical trialist at Duke University Medical Center, provided updated insight into the implementation of evidence-based therapies for high-risk patients with 

Green highlighted the success of the COORDINATE-Diabetes trial, which aimed to improve the adoption of essential therapies—high-intensity statins, ACE/ARB inhibitors, and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists—in cardiology clinics for patients with T2D and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The trial showed significant improvements in treatment adherence, addressing a critical gap where only 3-4% of patients were initially receiving all recommended therapies. Green also emphasized the importance of continuing medical education, noting that conferences like these help clinicians stay updated on evolving management strategies, particularly for managing cardio-renal complications in diabetes.

Reflecting on advancements in 2024, Green pointed to the expanding benefits of therapies like GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, which, beyond managing glucose and weight, are now shown to provide substantial cardiovascular and kidney-related outcomes. She expressed satisfaction in knowing that her prescribing practices are delivering broader benefits than initially expected, reinforcing the importance of implementing the latest evidence to improve patient outcomes.

Disclosures: Relevant disclosures for Green include Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Merck, and others.

Green JB. From Research to Guidelines to Implementing Good Clinical Practice in the Management of Diabetes. Presented at the 22nd Annual World Congress Insulin Resistance Diabetes & Cardiovascular Disease (WCIRDC). Los Angeles, California. December 12-14, 2024.

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Dr. Jennifer B. Green discussed the implementation of evidence-based therapies for high-risk type 2 diabetes patients at the WCIRDC. She highlighted the COORDINATE-Diabetes trial's success in improving adherence to essential therapies in cardiology clinics, addressing a significant treatment gap. Green emphasized the role of continuing medical education in updating clinicians on management strategies, particularly for cardio-renal complications. She noted the expanding benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, which now show substantial cardiovascular and kidney-related outcomes, underscoring the importance of applying the latest evidence in practice.

Jennifer B. Green, MD highlights the successful implementation of evidence-based therapies for high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes.

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Upadacitinib treatment leads to sustained itch reduction, skin clearance, and consistent safety through 188 weeks among adolescents and adults with 

These data were the conclusion of a recent interim analysis of the ongoing phase 3 studies known as Measure Up 1 (NCT03569293) and Measure Up 2 (NCT03607422). The abstract in which this data was included was titled ‘Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib Through 188 Weeks in Adolescents and Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial’ and presented during the Revolutionizing Atopic Dermatitis Conference Mid-Year Virtual Update on December 8, 2024.

The Measure Up 1 and 2 studies of upadacitinib, an oral Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor, was previously 

approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

 and in other countries for treating moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.

 This integrated analysis, led by Alan D. Irvine MD, DSc, assessed the medication’s long-term efficacy and safety over 188 weeks.

Both the Measure Up 1 and Measure Up 2 analyses were randomized, double-blinded, and multi-center in their design. Those who decided to participate in these 2 studies were aged 12 - 75 years and had been diagnosed with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.

The subjects were randomized into 3 groups initially, with each being given an administratoion of upadacitinib 15 mg (UPA15), upadacitinib 30 mg (UPA30), or a placebo on a basis of once-per-day. Those featured in the upadacitinib cohorts, following a period of 16 weeks, continued to be given their respective dosages.

Meanwhile, the investigative teams of these studies re-randomized the participants who had initially been assigned to the placebo cohort. Specifically, they were all split into those receiving either UPA15 or UPA30.

The teams assessed several key outcomes at the 16-week mark. Specifically, they looked at participants who achieved at least a 75% reduction in their EASI scores (EASI 75) as well as those with a vIGA-AD score labeled as 'clear' (0) or 'almost clear' (1).

For the latter outcome, the investigators noted those who had a reduction of at least 2 grades from the point of baseline (vIGA-AD 0/1). Additionally, the research team evaluated any improvements in pruritus, also known as itch, and these improvements included a ≥4-point reduction on the Worst Pruritus Numeric Rating Scale (WP-NRS) as well as combined endpoints such as WP-NRS 0/1 and EASI 90.

The team heading the interim analysis looked at efficacy outcomes and summarized them using observed cases (OC). This suggests that all treatment-period data were considered by them.

The evaluations of safety included monitoring serious adverse events (SAEs), monitoring treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and monitoring any adverse events of special interest (AESIs). They calculated these as exposure-adjusted rates per 100 patient-years.

When looking at the studies' efficacy findings, the investigators identified several sustained improvements through to the 188-week mark. By this point, 86.3% of those in the UPA15 arm and 89.0% of those in the UPA30 arm successfully achieved EASI 75.

They noted, however, that only 59.5% and 61.8% reached vIGA-AD 0/1, respectively. The team found that there was a ≥4 point reduction in WP-NRS seen among 63.8% of those given UPA15 and 68.7% of those given UPA30.

Additionally, 41.1% of those in the UPA15 group and 41.3% of those in the UPA30 group were shown by the investigators to have met the combined endpoint of EASI 90 and WP-NRS 0/1.

After assessing safety, the researchers determined that findings were consistent with earlier analyses. They also noted that the known safety profile of the medication was consistent, with both dosages shown to be well-tolerated.

In terms of commonly-observed adverse events, notable examples included COVID-19 infections, nasopharyngitis, acne, atopic dermatitis, upper respiratory tract infections, increased blood CPK, and cases of oral herpes. Data included from the 188-week period within these pivotal studies were noted in the abstract as covered in greater detail at the time of presentation.

“In this interim analysis, sustained skin clearance, itch reduction, and a consistent safety profile were observed with upadacitinib 15 mg and UPA 30 mg through 188 weeks in adolescent and adult patients with moderate-to-severe [atopic dermatitis],” they wrote.

Irvine A, Silverberg J, Pechonkina A, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib Through 188 Weeks in Adolescents and Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial Results. Presented as part of the 2024 Revolutionizing Atopic Dermatitis Mid-Year Virtual Update. December 8, 2024.

Butera A. FDA Approves Upadacitinib for Patients 12 Years and Older with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis. January 14, 2022. https://www.hcplive.com/view/fda-upadacitinib-children-atopic-dermatitis. Date accessed: December 13, 2024.

Upadacitinib, an oral JAK1 inhibitor, demonstrates sustained efficacy and safety over 188 weeks in adolescents and adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. The Measure Up 1 and 2 phase 3 studies reveal significant improvements in skin clearance and itch reduction, with 86.3% and 89.0% of participants achieving EASI 75 in the UPA15 and UPA30 arms, respectively. Safety profiles remain consistent with previous findings, showing the medication is well-tolerated. Common adverse events include COVID-19 infections, nasopharyngitis, and acne, among others.

This interim analysis highlights positive findings from the Measure Up 1 and 2 studies regarding upadacitinib for patients with atopic dermatitis.

Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic Dermatitis condition center page, audiences can find a variety of coverage mediums for medical news and updates, including articles, video interviews, podcasts, and breaking news on dermatitis research, treatment, and drug development.

Allergy

Allergy condition center page is a comprehensive resource for clinical news and insights on allergic and inflammatory diseases. This page consists of interviews, articles, podcasts, and videos on the research, treatment and development of therapies for food and seasonal allergies, as well as allergic asthma and related conditions.

Upadacitinib Sustained Efficacy, Safety Among Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Over 188 Weeks

Ralph DeFronzo, MD is a Professor of Medicine and Chief, Diabetes Division at UT Health San Antonio.

Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD: Noxious Nine and Mifepristone for Hypercortisolism in T2D

, Ralph DeFronzo, MD, a professor of medicine and chief of the diabetes division at UT Health San Antonio, discussed the evolution of his influential concept, the Ominous Octet, which outlines the multiple defects contributing to 

Initially introduced in 1987 as the "triumvirate," focusing on insulin resistance in the liver and muscle and beta-cell dysfunction, the model expanded in 2008 to include five additional key players: obesity, the gastrointestinal tract, excess glucagon secretion, the kidney, and the brain, all of which exacerbate insulin resistance and beta-cell failure.

DeFronzo then shifted focus to a novel discovery about hypercortisolism in patients with difficult-to-control T2D, a condition in which the adrenal glands secrete excess cortisol, aggravating many of the defects in the ominous octet. The CATALYST study revealed that approximately 24% of these patients have elevated cortisol levels, which significantly contribute to their poor glycemic control. Treatment with mifepristone (Korlym), a glucocorticoid receptor blocker, led to a surprising 1.5% reduction in HbA1c, compared with 0.15% for placebo (placebo-adjusted reduction, 1.32%; P <.0001). In addition, mifepristone achieved a notable decrease in medication requirements, showcasing a promising new therapeutic avenue for this previously under-recognized cause of diabetes.

DeFronzo emphasized the importance of educating clinicians about hypercortisolism as a contributing factor in hard-to-treat diabetes, intending to integrate the Noxious Nine into clinical practice to improve patient outcomes. These findings represented a significant breakthrough in the understanding and management of complex T2D cases, with an FDA-approved treatment available for affected patients.

Relevant disclosures for DeFronzo include Corcept Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Alynylam Pharmaceuticals, and others.

DeFronzo R. Noxious Nine. Presented at the 22nd Annual World Congress Insulin Resistance Diabetes & Cardiovascular Disease (WCIRDC). Los Angeles, California. December 12-14, 2024.

Iapoce C. Mifepristone Notably Reduces HbA1c in Treatment Phase of Catalyst Trial. HCP Live. December 12, 2024. Accessed December 13, 2024. https://www.hcplive.com/view/mifepristone-notably-reduces-hba1c-in-treatment-phase-of-catalyst-trial.

Ralph DeFronzo, MD, discussed the evolution of his Ominous Octet concept to the Noxious Nine, highlighting the role of hypercortisolism in difficult-to-control type 2 diabetes (T2D). Initially focusing on insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, the model expanded to include additional factors like obesity and excess glucagon secretion. The CATALYST study found that 24% of patients with challenging T2D have elevated cortisol levels, significantly impacting glycemic control. Mifepristone treatment showed a 1.5% reduction in HbA1c, suggesting a new therapeutic approach for these patients.

Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD discusses the Noxious Nine and the impact of hypercortisolism on difficult-to-control type 2 diabetes.








Chelsie Derman is an assistant editor for 

who covers psychiatry, sleep medicine, and geriatrics. She joined MJH Life Sciences in September 2023 after graduating from The College of New Jersey with a bachelor’s degree in journalism and professional writing. In her free time, she enjoys creative writing and reading.

A study showed therapists in routine psychiatric care delivered 

“Previous research suggests that therapist adherence is often low, with insufficient use of treatment protocols in clinical practice and non-supported treatment modifications even in controlled settings,” wrote investigators, led by Hillevi Bergvall, from the Centre for Psychiatry Research at Karolinska Institutet.

An earlier study found that among 317 CBT therapists, only 11% reported frequently using protocols, and 30% reported never using them.

 In another study, community-based therapists reported only using the prescribed CBT interventions a few years following their CBT training.

 Investigators sought to examine the delivery quality of CBT in routine psychiatry care for depression and anxiety, looking at therapist adherence and competence, as well as therapy effectiveness.

The study included 23 therapists who recruited 85 patients with a depression or anxiety disorder from 2 routine psychiatric outpatient clinics in Stockholm, Sweden between August 2018 and February 2020. Therapists all had received university-level basic CBT training and licensed clinical psychologists (excluding 2 resident psychologists).

The therapists were mostly female (75.9%), had an average age of 31.1 years, and had an average of 2.4 years of clinical experience delivering CBT on top of CBT supervision for 2.0 years. The therapists treated a mean of 3.7 patients, ranging from 1 – 11.

Patients were included if they had a principal diagnosis of MDD (14.1%), OCD (29.4%), PTSD (10.6%), generalized anxiety disorder (27.1%), panic disorder (12.9%) or social anxiety disorder (5.9%) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They were excluded if they had acute suicidal ideation, current substance use disorder, and concurrent psychological treatment.

Investigators developed The Therapist Adherence to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Scale (TACBT) instrument to assess therapist adherence to generic CBT techniques and procedures. To develop this, they reviewed many CBT protocols and reviewed research on therapist adherence to CBT from established instruments, such as the Multitheoretical List of Therapeutic Interventions, the Collaborative Study Psychotherapy Rating Scale, and the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Adherence Scale.

TACBT includes structure, conceptualization, behavioral techniques, and cognitive techniques. The instrument also had different versions for patients, therapists, and observers, although patient and therapist versions are nearly identical.

Patients received a median of 18.5 sessions of CBT (interquartile range [IQR], 13.0 – 24.0). Before and after CBT, patients rated symptoms, functional impairment, and global health. Observers assessed therapist adherence during CBT, and patients and therapists assessed therapist adherence using TACBT.

In 95.3% of patient records, therapists reported using specific CBT protocols for different psychiatric disorders. 20% of patients received additional treatments targeting a comorbid diagnosis and had a median of 21.0 sessions (IQR, 17.5 – 26.5), compared with 17.5 sessions for single treatments (IQR, 12.8 – 22.5) (

Patients viewed therapist adherence as high, therapists as moderate to high, and observers as moderate. Structural and conceptual items received greater scores than behavioral and cognitive items. Patients and therapists had low agreement of ratings of complete treatments (ICC, -0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.35 to -0.10).

Most therapists showed competence in CBT, with a mean score of 40.5 on the competence score on the Cognitive Therapy Scale-Revised. 75% passed the competence threshold, which was a total core of ≥ 36 points. The study revealed a therapist’s competence level is not significantly correlated with years of CBT experience (

= .077), years receiving CBT supervision (

Patients had significantly improved depression or anxiety symptoms following CBT (Cohen’s ds, 0.80 – 1.36). However, symptom improvements were not linked to patient symptom duration, number of psychiatric diagnoses, therapist, therapist CBT experience, therapeutic alliance, or psychiatric clinic.

Across all symptom measures, 67.1% improved, 4.7% deteriorated, and 16.5% remained the same. 11.8% had incomplete data for all symptom measures.

“While potential areas for quality improvement would be increased use of behavioral and cognitive techniques, and competence development for a few of the therapists, this study did not provide any support that they will affect patient outcomes,” investigators wrote.

Bergvall H, Linde J, Alfonsson S, Sunnhed R, Barber JP, Lundgren T, Andersson G, Bohman B. Quality of cognitive-behavioural therapy in routine psychiatric care: therapist adherence and competence, and patient outcomes for depression and anxiety disorders. BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 4;24(1):887. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-06328-4. PMID: 39633319; PMCID: PMC11616186.

Webb CA, DeRubeis RJ, Barber JP. Therapist adherence/competence and treatment outcome: a meta-analytic review. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2010;78(2):200–11. 

Becker EM, Smith AM, Jensen-Doss A. Who’s using treatment manuals? A national survey of practicing therapists. Behav Res Ther. 2013;51(10):706–10. 

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2013.07.008

A study evaluated the delivery quality of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in routine psychiatric care, focusing on therapist adherence, competence, and therapy effectiveness for depression and anxiety. The study involved 23 therapists and 85 patients, using the Therapist Adherence to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Scale (TACBT) to assess adherence. Results showed high adherence to CBT protocols, with most therapists demonstrating competence. Patients experienced significant symptom improvement, though improvements were not linked to therapist experience or competence. The study suggests potential areas for quality improvement in behavioral and cognitive techniques.

A study finds that therapists deliver high-quality CBT in routine psychiatric care but found no evidence that therapist adherence and competence correlate to patient outcomes.

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Major Depressive Disorder condition center page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into depression can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on MDD research, treatment, and drug development.

Study Finds No Link Between Therapist CBT Skill and Patient Outcomes

Matthew R. Weir, MD is an attending physician and Director of the Division of Nephrology in the Department of Medicine at the University of Maryland Hospital.

Matthew Weir, MD discusses how a multidisciplinary approach is reshaping CKD management, with a focus on mitigating cardiovascular events.

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Chronic Kidney Disease

Matthew Weir, MD: Prioritizing Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease

Abigail Brooks is an assistant editor for 

She joined MJH Life Sciences in August 2023 shortly after graduating from Monmouth University where she earned her BA in Communication with a concentration in Public Relations/Journalism and later an MA in Interactive Digital Media. She enjoys traveling, running, and reading books. She can be reached at abrooks@mjhlifesciences.com.

Lower CD4+ cell counts, HCV genotype 4, and recent injection drug use were linked to unsuccessful DAA treatment in people with HCV and HIV.

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Hepatology

Immunodeficiency, Injection Drug Use Linked to Failed HCV Treatment in People with HIV

These data provide insight into characteristics of those who choose to discontinue systemic therapies for eczema.

Study Highlights Reasons for Discontinuation of Systemic Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis

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Panelists discuss how bempedoic acid offers a promising alternative for patients who are statin-intolerant, demonstrating efficacy in reducing major cardiovascular events and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, while addressing its role in managing residual cardiovascular risk, particularly in high-risk populations.

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Exploring Bempedoic Acid: Clinical Indications, Efficacy, and Future Directions in Cardiovascular Risk Management 

Victoria Johnson joined the MJH Life Sciences in 2020 and has written for NeurologyLive, CGTLive, and now HCPLive. You can reach her at vjohnson@mjhlifesciences.com

Matsushita discussed findings from the OLE FRONTIER4 study of Mim8.

Hematology

Tadashi Matsushita, MD, PhD: Reducing Treatment Burden in Hemophilia A

Panelists discuss their advice for dermatologists managing chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment plans, and staying updated on emerging therapies and clinical guidelines.

Key Takeaways and Future Directions in CSU Care

Panelists discuss the unmet needs in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) management, highlighting the evolution of the field toward more personalized and effective treatment strategies to address refractory symptoms.

Unmet Needs in CSU Management

John W. Winkleman, MD, PhD, is Chief of the Sleep Disorders Clinical Research Program in the Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital. Winkleman also served as chair of the committee that updated the guidelines. Winkelman has spent 30 years in RLS treatment and research; this includes consulting with leading nonprofits, research organizations and pharmaceutical companies, including Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Disc Medicine, Emalex, and Noctrix for which he is a paid consultant.

Winkelman received his PhD in Psychobiology from Harvard University, an MD from Harvard Medical School and then completed both a residency in Psychiatry and a fellowship in Sleep Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital.

https://www.massgeneral.org/doctors/19403/john-winkelman

The AASM has updated its RLS guidelines, now recommending against the standard use of dopamine agonists due to evidence of augmentation.

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On the HCPLive sleep page, resources on the topics of medical news and expert insight into sleep medicine can be found. Content includes articles, interviews, videos, podcasts, and breaking news on sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, and more.

Changes in Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment Recommendations

Despite having a lower risk of hospitalization, cardiovascular events, and mortality, patients with IgAN and FSGS had a higher risk of CKD progression.

IgA Nephropathy

The HCPLive Berger disease page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on IgA nephropathy. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments in Berger disease, and more.

IgAN, FSGS Linked to Greater Kidney Replacement Therapy Risk Than Common CKD Etiologies

America's mental health crisis continues to escalate—what drives it, and what lies ahead in 2025? Hear insight from psychiatry and psychology experts. 

PTSD

Schizophrenia

The HCPLive schizophrenia page is a resource for medical news and expert insights on the mental disorder. This page features expert-led coverage, articles, videos and research on the therapies and development of treatments for schizophrenia, and more.

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Latest News

FDA Approves Crinecerfont for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Jennifer B. Green, MD: Implementation of Evidence-Based Therapies for T2D

Upadacitinib Sustained Efficacy, Safety Among Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Over 188 Weeks

Ralph A. DeFronzo, MD: Noxious Nine and Mifepristone for Hypercortisolism in T2D

Study Finds No Link Between Therapist CBT Skill and Patient Outcomes