Naiem Issa, MD, PhD

PDE-4 and JAK Inhibitors in Pediatric AD

Panelists discuss how emerging topical therapies targeting PDE-4 and JAK pathways offer new hope for children with atopic dermatitis (AD) by addressing inflammation at the cellular level. These nonsteroidal agents are designed to provide strong anti-inflammatory effects with minimal systemic exposure.

Panelists note that these treatments can help reduce itch, redness, and flare frequency, improving both comfort and skin appearance. Their nonsteroidal nature makes them appealing to caregivers who wish to minimize corticosteroid use, particularly for long-term management.

They also stress the importance of individualized care, noting that while these therapies can be effective across disease severities, clinicians must match the right treatment to each child’s needs. Education about realistic expectations, adherence, and proper application remains essential for success.

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Panelists discuss how nonsteroidal PDE-4 and JAK inhibitors offer effective, targeted relief while addressing caregiver concerns about safety and chronic use.

Calcineurin Inhibitors and Their Black Box Warnings in Pediatric AD

Panelists discuss how calcineurin inhibitors play a valuable role in managing pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD), especially for sensitive skin areas where corticosteroids may not be suitable. These treatments help reduce inflammation and itching without causing skin thinning. However, the presence of black box warnings has led to caregiver hesitation and occasional underuse.

Panelists explain that the warnings were based on limited systemic data rather than pediatric topical studies. In practice, these medications are generally well tolerated and safe when used appropriately under medical supervision. They can be particularly helpful for treating areas such as the face, neck, and skin folds.

Encouraging open dialogue between families and health care providers helps address fears and ensures treatments are used correctly. Education about risks versus benefits allows parents to make informed decisions and maintain confidence in their child’s care plan.

Panelists discuss how calcineurin inhibitors can be safely and effectively used in children with proper education and clinical oversight.

Corticosteroids in Pediatric AD Care

Panelists discuss how corticosteroids have long been a cornerstone of atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment, offering rapid relief from inflammation and itching. They explain that these medications reduce redness, swelling, and discomfort, helping restore skin integrity during flares. However, long-term or improper use can cause adverse effects, so careful guidance from health care professionals is vital.

Families often express fear or uncertainty about corticosteroids, especially regarding skin thinning or growth concerns. Panelists note that these risks are typically minimal when used as prescribed, emphasizing that education and reassurance are essential for caregiver confidence. Proper selection of potency and duration ensures effective results while maintaining safety.

Panelists underscore the need to balance rapid symptom control with long-term disease management. Integrating moisturizers, nonsteroidal options, and flare-prevention strategies can help reduce reliance on corticosteroids over time.



Panelists discuss how corticosteroids remain essential for controlling flares but must be used thoughtfully with education and reassurance for families.

Topical Standard of Care in Pediatric AD

Panelists discuss how topical treatments remain the cornerstone of care for children with atopic dermatitis (AD), particularly for mild to moderate cases. The standard of care includes moisturizers to strengthen the skin barrier and anti-inflammatory creams to control flares. These therapies can be effective when used consistently, but challenges with long-term use often arise.

Many families face difficulties maintaining daily application routines, especially when the skin appears improved. Concerns about potential side effects or treatment fatigue can lead to inconsistent adherence, causing flare-ups and renewed discomfort. Additionally, some children experience sensitive or irritated skin, which limits the topical products they can tolerate.

Panelists emphasize the importance of clear communication between health care providers and families. Teaching proper application techniques, setting realistic expectations, and tailoring treatments to each child’s skin type help maximize outcomes. Personalized care encourages families to stay engaged and promotes confidence in the management plan.



Panelists discuss how individualized, consistent topical care helps build trust, promotes adherence, and prevents disease flare-ups in children with AD.

Naiem Issa, MD, PhD

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